| 释义 |
† alchitran, alkitran Obs.
Forms: 4 alkatran, 7 alkitrum, 8 alchitran, -am, -kytran.
[a. OFr. alketran, alquitran, a. Sp. alquitran, Pg. alcatrão (med.L. alquitranum, alchitrum, It. catrame, mod.Fr. goudran, -on), ad. Arab. al-qaṭrān or al-qiṭrān, the resin of fir-trees, pitch, tar; f. qaṭara to drop.]
The liquid resin or pitch which flows from fir-trees; extended by the early chemists to: a. oil of cedar and juniper; b. mineral pitch, tar, bitumen; and, vaguely, to other substances.
c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 1035 Alum & alka[t]ran, that angré arn boþe. 1366Mandeville ix. 99 About that [Dead] See growethe moche Alom and of Alkatran. 1658J. R. Mouffet's Theat. Ins. 1123 Abenzoar prescribes, to anoynt the hair with the lesser Centaury, and Alkitrum. 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., Alchitram, among the alchemists, denotes sometimes the oil of juniper, sometimes liquid pitch, and sometimes arsenic prepared by ablution. This is otherwise written alchitram and alchitran; sometimes alchytran and alkytran. 1879Syd. Soc. Lex., Alchitrum, Alchytran, Alketran, Alkitram, Alkitran, [variously expl. as] the impure liquid resin of Pinus sylvestris; a resin obtained from the cedar tree; oil of cedar; oil of juniper; pix liquida or tar; arsenic prepared by washing; a term for the residuum after distillation. |
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