| 释义 |
botulin Med. rare.|ˈbɒtjuːlɪn|
[f. L. botul-us sausage + -in1.]
Botulinus toxin (see below). So botuˈlinic a., derived from, pertaining to botulin; botulinum |bɒtjuːˈlaɪnəm| [mod.L.], specific name of the bacillus of botulism, used attrib.; botuˈlinus [mod.L. (E. van Ermengem 1896, in Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. XIX. 443)], former specific name of the bacillus of botulism, used attrib., as botulinus toxin, an exceptionally powerful neurotoxin produced by the bacillus Clostridium botulinum, usu. in preserved foods that have been imperfectly sterilized.
1890Billings Med. Dict. 178/2 Botulinic acid, Buchner's name for a substance found in poisonous sausages. 1899Clinical Jrnl. 7 June 112/2 An efficient antitoxin for the botulinic poison. 1900Dorland Med. Dict. 117/1 Botulin, a poisonous ptomain sometimes found in preserved meats: it is produced by Bacillus botulinus. 1902Muir & Ritchie Man. Bacteriol. (ed. 3) xvi. 382 The properties of the botulinus toxin..have been found to correspond closely,..with the toxins of diphtheria and tetanus. 1910F. W. Mott in Allbutt's Syst. Med. (ed. 2) VII. 185, I have observed also in experimental poisoning by botulin, absinthe, phosphorus, and other poisons,..that the neurons are not equally affected. 1928W. Giltner Elem. Text Bk. Gen. Microbiol. xviii. 243 The bacteria either split the protein of the food into a toxic molecule..or they secrete a true toxin,—botulinum toxin, while growing in the food. 1929W. Bulloch in Syst. Bacteriology III. 380 In preserved vegetables..antigenic substances are formed capable of absorbing complement in the presence of ordinary botulinus antitoxin. Ibid. 386 Botulinus toxin is unaffected by peptic digestion. Ibid. 394 Botulism can hardly arise from the ingestion of botulinus spores. Ibid. 397 The botulinus serum should be a polyvalent one. 1962Jrnl. Neuropath. & Exper. Neurol. XXI. 610 Botulinus toxin in its purified form is the most toxic biological substance known. 1970Daily Tel. (Colour Suppl.) 20 Feb. 21 Six ounces of botulinus toxin is enough to kill everybody in Britain (or North America) if it is distributed in the right way. |
