| 释义 |
baroclinic, a. Meteorol.|bærəˈklɪnɪk|
[f. *baro- + Gr. κλίν-ειν to bend, slope + -ic.]
Characterized by or associated with an atmospheric condition in which surfaces of constant pressure intersect with those of constant density. Cf. *barotropic a.
1921V. Bjerknes in Geofysiske Publikationer II. iv. 2 In all cases of well-defined curves of intersection and unit tubes, we shall call the field of mass baroclinic. In the case of degeneration we shall call it barotropic. 1934D. Brunt Physical & Dynamical Meteorol. viii. 166 In the baroclinic fluid pressure is not determined by density alone, and is in part determined by other factors such as temperature or water-vapour content. 1944Jrnl. Meteorol. I. 18/2 A baroclinic westerly current is dynamically unstable for waves whose level of nondivergence is sufficiently low and tends to make these waves grow strong. 1968Sci. Jrnl. Nov. 40/3 This instability, called baroclinic instability,..was not discovered until the late 1940s. 1971Observatory XCI. 54 The Earth's rotation..constrains the convective flow to take the form of quasi-horizontal waves (‘baroclinic waves’ or ‘sloping convection’). 1975Nature 30 Oct. 778/2 As in the terrestrial and Martian systems, baroclinic instability again seems to be the primary energy conversion process [in the atmosphere of Jupiter]. 1982Barry & Chorley Atmosphere, Weather & Climate (ed. 4) iii. 144 Eventually the flow becomes unstable in the Hadley mode, breaking down into a number of cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies. This phenomenon is referred to as baroclinic instability.
Hence baroˈclinically adv., in a baroclinic manner; as regards baroclinicity; barocliˈnicity n., the condition of being baroclinic; the extent to which a region is baroclinic; baroˈclinity n. = baroclinicity n. above.
1947Jrnl. Meteorol. IV. 137/1 These phenomena..are not explainable in terms of a barotropic atmosphere. They may, therefore, be attributed to the vertical shear of the zonal wind, i.e., to the baroclinicity of the atmosphere. 1950Tellus II. 253/2 The baroclinically calculated height falls on the east side of the trough are more favorable. 1951B. Haurwitz in T. F. Malone Compendium Meteorol. 403/1 The significance of the distinction between barotropy and baroclinity for the variation of the circulation of a fluid. 1967R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Atmospheric Sci. 112/1 Since the baroclinity complicates the dynamic calculations, a barotropic condition is sometimes assumed. 1969Jrnl. Atmospheric Sci. XXVI. 370/1 Major stabilization occurs for the short, baroclinically active waves. 1973Nature 21 Sept. 133/1 It seems probable, but less certain, that the colder tropical troposphere was associated also with a reduced baroclinicity. 1978Ibid. 10 Aug. 576/2 Studies so far on monsoon cyclogenesis have shown that the monsoon atmosphere is not baroclinically unstable. |
