| 释义 |
-ole, suffix
[partly f. L. oleum oil, partly a var. -ol]
used to form chemical names.
1. In the names of compounds containing five-membered, unsaturated rings with at least one hetero-atom, e.g. carbazole, indazole, indole, pyrrole, thiazole, triazole.
Although applicable to older words like pyrrole (1835), this systematic use of -ole is of more recent date.
1928Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. I. 3078 For five-membered rings proposals made by Widman, Bouveault and others have found their way into use. The ending -ol or -ole appears in such names as pyrrole, imidazole and even dioxole (which is non-nitrogenous). It conflicts with the ending -ol for alcohols and phenols (hence the modified spelling -ole), but its use to denote a five-membered ring is well known. 1971Nomencl. Org. Chem. (I.U.P.A.C.) (ed. 3) B. 53 (table) No. of members in the ring..5. Rings containing nitrogen: unsaturation..-ole... Rings containing no nitrogen: unsaturation..-ole.
2. Unsystematically, in the names of aromatic ethers, e.g. anisole, phenetole, safrole, which were regarded as being derived from carboxylic acids in the same way as ‘benzole’ (benzene) is from benzoic acid.
1852Rep. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci. 1851 i. 136 The use of the analogous termination ole for those [bodies] formed by the abstraction of 2 atoms of carbonic acid from the same [sc. vegetable acids] may be apt to cause some ambiguity. Thus we use the terms benzole, phenole, and anisole, as being derived respectively from the benzoic, salicylic, and anisic acids. |
