| 释义 |
▪ I. hobby, n.1|ˈhɒbɪ|
Forms: 4 hobyn, 5–7 hoby, 6 hobye, hobbie, 7 hobbey, 6– hobby.
[ME. hobyn, hoby, in OF. hobin, hobi, haubby, whence mod.F. aubin, It. ubino.
The OFr. was adopted from English, where the word is app. native. In all probability it is the by-name Hobin, Hobby, var. of Robin, Robbie: see Hob n.1 According to Bp. Kennett (1695) Gloss. to Paroch. Antiq. s.v. Hobelers, ‘Our ploughmen to some one of their cart-horses generally give the name of Hobin, the very word which Phil. Comines [a 1509] uses, Hist. vi. vii.’ Another by-form of the same name, dobbin, has become a generic name for a cart-horse. Cf. also dicky, donkey, neddy, cuddy, names for the ass.]
1. A small or middle-sized horse; an ambling or pacing horse; a pony. Now Hist., arch., or dial.
In early times hobbies are chiefly referred to as of Irish breed; in later times, also, as Welsh or Scotch.
1375Barbour Bruce xiv. 68 Hobynis, that war stekit thar, Rerit and flang..And kest thame that apon thame raid. c1400Rel. Ant. II. 23 An Iyrysch man, Uppone his hoby. 1547Boorde Introd. Knowl. iii. (1870) 131, I am an Iryshe man..I can kepe a Hobby. 16022nd Pt. Return fr. Parnass. ii. iii. 647, I will..buy an ambling hobby for my fayre. Ibid. v. 775 Hath the groome saddled my hunting hobby? 1611Cotgr., Hobin, a Hobbie; a little ambling (and shorne-maned) horse. 1652–62Heylin Cosmogr. i. (1682) 220 Hobbies..afterwards became a common name for all Nags or Geldings. 1688Lond. Gaz. No. 2340/4 Stolen..a black Welsh Hobby, near 13 hand. a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, Scotch-hobby, a little sorry, scrubbed, low Horse of that Country. c1730Burt Lett. N. Scotl. (1760) II. xvi. 30 The little Highland Hobbies, when they find themselves bogged, will lie still. 1732Gentlem. Guide to Cattle (ed. 2) 265 A Turk for the Sire, a Scotch Powny, or the Irish Hobby, for Dam. 1804Chron. in Ann. Reg. 502/2 Sir William Kemp Bart{ddd}was riding on a hobby from which he fell and expired on the spot. 1852C. M. Yonge Cameos (1877) II. xviii. 193 The chiefs and cavalry, both Irish and Anglo-Irish, had small light horses called hobbies.
†2. = hobby-horse n. 2. Obs. or Hist.
1760Tollett in Shaks. Plays (1813) XI. 439 Our Hobby is a spirited horse of pasteboard, in which the master dances and displays tricks of legerdemain. 1820Scott Abbot xv, Prance, hobby—hiss, dragon, and halloo boys!
3. = hobby-horse n. 4. (In quot. 1860 with play on sense 5.)
1689Prior Ep. to F. Shepherd 90 But leap pro libitu, and scout On horse called Hobby, or without. 1748Shenstone Ode Memory viii, Bring the hobby I bestrode, When pleas'd, in many a sportive ring Around the room I jovial rode. 1860Punch XXXIX. 95 Master John Russel. ‘Please, Pam, find room for this’. Master Pam (the big boy of the school). ‘No, certainly not. You must leave that old hobby of yours behind’.
†4. A kind of velocipede, introduced in 1818, on which the rider propelled himself by pushing the ground with the point of each foot alternately: = dandy-horse. Obs. exc. Hist.
1819Caricature in Miss Millard's Catal. (1895) Jan. 19 The Newe Long Back'd Hobby made to carry three without Kicking. 1819Morning Chron. 13 May Advt., The Velocimanipede, or Ladies Hobby..a Machine to carry One, Two, or Three Persons.
5. A favourite occupation or topic, pursued merely for the amusement or interest that it affords, and which is compared to the riding of a toy horse (sense 3); an individual pursuit to which a person is devoted (in the speaker's opinion) out of proportion to its real importance. Formerly hobby-horse n. (sense 6).
1816Scott Antiq. xi, I quarrel with no man's hobby. 1823― Peveril x, The pleasure of being allowed to ride one's hobby in peace and quiet. 1857Hughes Tom Brown ii. ii, He's on one of his pet hobbies. 1874Sayce Compar. Philol. viii. 312 Transgress the boundaries of scientific evidence, and incur the charge of riding a hobby too hard. 1880L. Stephen Pope vi. 139 His [Lord Oxford's] famous library was one of his special hobbies.
6. attrib. and Comb., as hobby farm, hobby farmer, hobby-groom, hobby-monger, hobby-rider, hobby-riding, hobby shop, hobby show; † hobby-headed a., explained by Weber ‘shag-headed, as an Irish hobby’.
1960*Hobby farm [see golden handshake s.v. golden a. 10 a]. 1968Globe & Mail (Toronto) 15 Jan. 24/2 (Advt.), 50 acres..ideal for retirement or hobby farm.
1961Ann. Reg. 1960 16 Loss relief for ‘*hobby farmers’ was terminated.
1737List Govt. Officers in Chamberlayne's St. Gt. Brit. ii. 241, 3 *Hobby Grooms. 1836C. L. H. Papendiek Crt. Q. Charlotte (1887) II. 194 The Hobby groom was..sent off to London.
1613Beaum. & Fl. Coxcomb ii. iii, Oh, you *hobby headed Raskal, I'le have you flead.
1866Whipple Char. & Charac. Men 45 The *hobby-monger is the only perfect..bore.
1883Times 18 Aug. 9/2 The whole tribe of crotchet-mongers and *hobby-riders.
1945Time 9 Apr. 82 Prison *hobby shops are not unusual. 1966‘D. Shannon’ With a Vengeance (1968) viii. 107 This is Mr. Seidenbaum from the hobby shop. 1967‘W. Wright’ Shadows don't Bleed i. 20 A girl friend of Bridget's who owns a hobby shop here in town.
1921Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 9 Apr. 10/1 The first annual boys' *hobby show will be held at the Y.M.C.A. this afternoon and evening... The exhibition will consist of manual training work, working models of aeroplanes, boats, etc.
Hence ˈhobbyism, pursuit of or devotion to hobbies (see 5). ˈhobbyist, a person devoted to a hobby (sometimes used with a connotation of crankiness). ˈhobbyless a., having no hobby.
1846Ecclesiologist VI. 176 [Brass-rubbing] burdens Ecclesiology with the *hobbyism of an amusing trifle.
1871G. H. Napheys Prev. & Cure Dis. iii. ix. 955 The pernicious counsel of some *hobbyist. 1892Daily News 17 Feb. 3/1 The philatelists or collectors of postage-stamps, like nearly all other hobbyists, have long had their association. 1935W. de la Mare Early One Morning 582 Of such kind are nascent cranks and hobbyists, and some of them attain at last to the rank..of English ‘characters’. 1937Auden & Macneice Lett. fr. Iceland 105 A circle where one's known Of hobbyists and rivals. 1948F. A. Staples Water-Color Painting 1 A non-technical manner suited to the hobbyist or art student. 1959N. Mailer Advts. for Myself (1961) 137 ‘That's a nice Jap machine gun.’ He looked at it with the professional curiosity of a hobbyist. 1971Guardian 11 Aug. 10/4 The young hobbyist was encouraged to specialise.
1870Sat. Rev. 4 June 730/2 How many *hobbyless wretches are still crawling about the world?
▪ II. hobby, n.2|ˈhɒbɪ|
Forms: 5 hobey(e, 5–7 hoby, 6 hobie, 6–7 hobbie, hobbey, 5– hobby.
[a. OF. hobé, hobet, med.L. hobētus, dim. of hobe the same bird; other diminutives were OF. hobel, hobert, hoberet, mod.F. hobereau. According to Darmesteter, perh. derived from OF. hober to move, stir, bestir oneself: cf. Du. hobben under hobble v.]
A small species of falcon, Falco subbuteo, formerly flown at larks and other small birds.
c1440Promp. Parv. 242/1 Hoby, hawke, alaudarius, alietus. 1486Bk. St. Albans D iv a, Ther is an Hoby. And that hauke is for a yong man. 1588Greene Pandosto (1607) 28 No bastard Hawke must soare so high as the Hobby. 1642Fuller Answ. Ferne To Rdr. 1 Be not like a Larke, dared into the net by a painted Hobby of pretended Conscience. 1678Marvell Growth Popery 10 As ridiculous..as for a Larke to dare the Hobby. 1828J. S. Sebright Observ. Hawking 45 The merlin and the hobby both breed in England.
b. Comb., as hobby-like adj. or adv.; hobby-bird dial., name for the wryneck (Swainson); hobby-hawk, same as hobby; hobby-owl dial., name for the barn owl (Swainson).
1570Levins Manip. 44/33 An Hobyhauke, alaudarius. 1628Wither Brit. Rememb. Pref. 123 She dares not onely, Hobby-like, make wing At Dorrs and Butterflyes.
▪ III. † hobby, v. Obs.
[f. hobby n.2]
intr. To hawk with a hobby.
c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 203 On hobying whan she lyst to fare. 1526Skelton Magnyf. Wks. (Dyce) I. 276, I wolde hauke whylest my hede dyd warke, So I myght hobby for suche a lusty larke. |
