| 释义 |
ˈhair-line
1. A line or rope made of hair.
1731Gray in Phil. Trans. XXXVII. 33, I took a Piece of a Hair-Line, such as Linnen-Cloaths are dried on. 1870D. P. Blaine Encycl. Rur. Sp. §2946 In..hair lines, each hair in every link should be equally big, round, and even.
2. A very thin or slender line, as the up-stroke of a written letter. to a hair-line: to a nicety.
1846Worcester, Hair-line..a very slender line. 1870Emerson Soc. & Solit., Work & Days Wks. (Bohn) III. 64 A carpenter swings his axe to a hair-line on his log. 1884Harper's Mag. Mar. 654/2 The first hair-line of this letter.
3. Printing. hair-line letter: A very thin-faced type, generally used for letterings of mounts.
1888in Jacobi Printer's Vocab.
4. = hair-cord (hair n. 10).
1862Catal. Internat. Exhibit., Brit. II. No. 4104, Claret, drab, grey, and fancy hairlines. 1950‘Mercury’ Dict. Textile Terms 256/1 An imitation hairline fabric, woven from woollen warp and worsted weft.
5. Typogr. The thin stroke in a letter form (as distinguished from the stem and the serifs). Also attrib.
1896T. L. De Vinne in J. Moxon Mech. Exerc. Printing 415 No defined width is made for the thin-stroke, which is now called the hair-line. 1932Paper & Print Dec. 326/2 Finely cut serifs, not the hair lines of Bodoni, but cut to a point, are characteristic of some of the latest types. 1970W. P. Jaspert et al. Encycl. Type Faces (ed. 4) p. x, All book types show some variation of thick and thin; in the fifteenth century it was slight, and gradually became more pronounced, until it reached the extreme in the nineteenth century when they became called hair lines. 1972P. Gaskell New Introd. Bibliogr. 29 Didot's first neo-classic type did not show marked contrast, but later developments of the form, by Didot himself and by Bodoni in Italy, resulted by 1800 in faces of great contrast combined with vertical stress and unbracketed, hair-line serifs.
6. The limit-line of the hair on the head.
1922S. Lewis Babbitt i. 8 A tremendous forehead, arching up two inches beyond the former hair-line. 1936L. C. Douglas White Banners x. 225 The forward curve of the hair-line on the temples. 1959A. Salkey Quality of Violence viii. 128 The rope round his neck was cutting into the hair-line at the back of his head.
7. Metallurgy. In full hair-line crack: see quot. 1949.
1923J. A. Jones Woolwich Res. Dept. Rep. no. 55 51 The occurrence of hair-line cracks at one end of the forgings suggests that trouble might be experienced. 1925[see hair crack s.v. hair n. 10]. 1949R. T. Rolfe Dict. Metallogr. (ed. 2) 121 Hair-line cracks (or hair c[racks]), (1) very fine short cracks occurring in the interior of some steel forgings which have not been allowed to cool sufficiently slowly from the working temperature... (2) The term is also applied to any fine cracks which may occur in metals and alloys. 1962G. R. Bashforth Manuf. Iron & Steel IV. ii. 31 When once this [hydrogen-rich] constituent has been formed, its breakdown at low temperatures must result in the formation of hairline cracks, but hairline cracks will not be formed if the breakdown..is brought about at higher temperatures. 1968Times 28 Aug. 21/6 The South of England Electricity Board has had to take its newest..power station..out of commission because of a discovery..of hair-line cracks in welding.
8. In various technical uses: see quots.
1935Burlington Mag. Sept. 109/2 The hair-line sprays with delicate gold leaves. 1955Sci. Amer. May 124/1 Its operation resembles that of a slide rule. You first position the hairline of the slider over the caret between the first four balls. 1960Times 25 Oct. 15/5 He has recovered from a hairline fracture of the wrist. 1961T. Landau Encycl. Librarianship (ed. 2) 160/1 Hair-line rule, a fine line of varying length used for division of text matter. 1962Gloss. Terms Glass Ind. (B.S.I.) §72 Hair line, fine cord on the surface of glass. 1967Gloss. Paper/Ink Terms for Letterpress Printing (B.S.I.) 12 Hair lines, fine filaments of foreign matter which forms barriers preventing the felting of many of the fibres and often leading to web breaks.
9. fig. A very thin dividing line. Also attrib.
1940F. Scott Fitzgerald Let. 21 Sept. (1964) 124, I don't know how this job is going... Things depend on such hairlines here. 1959New Statesman 29 Aug. 235/3 It is this hair-line compromise that Dr Stockwood has now challenged..in his statements, though not in his action, at Carshalton. 1962Times 22 Mar. 3/3 It looked a hairline decision indeed. |
