| 释义 |
‖ samskara Indian Philos.|sanˈskaːra|
Also 9 sanscara, sanskara.
[Skr. saṃskāra a making perfect, preparation, f. sam together + kṛ to make, perform.]
1. A purificatory ceremony or rite marking a stage or an event in life; one of twelve rites enjoined on the first three classes of the Brahman caste.
1807Asiatick Researches IX. 288 The Jainas..admit the same division into four tribes, and perform like religious ceremonies, termed sanscaras, from the birth of a male to his marriage. 1832Ibid. XVII. 309 Some of the original rites are still preserved..in such of the Sanskaras, or purificatory ceremonies as are observed at the periods of birth, tonsure, investiture, marriage, [etc.]. 1891Monier Williams Brāhmanism & Hindūism (ed. 4) 353 Twelve purificatory rites, called Sanskāras were prescribed in the ancient collections of domestic rules..for the purification of the three higher castes. 1913J. N. Farquhar Crown of Hinduism ii. 104 Debendranath Tagore..rebelled against the polytheistic and idolatrous character of the sacraments (saṁiskāras) of the Hindu family. 1962R. Zaehner Hinduism vii. 201 Saṁskaras or sacraments play an important part throughout the life of a Hindu. 1977B. Saraswati Brahmanic Ritual Trad. p. xii, Of all the social institutions, the institution of the samskaras serves as the corner-stone of the total cultural complex of the brahmanic society.
2. A mental impression, instinct, or memory.
1827Trans. R. Asiatic Soc. I. 562 Thence comes passion (sanscára), comprising desire, aversion, delusion, &c. 1875Monier Williams Indian Wisdom iii. 79 Saṉskāra, implying—a. impetus as the cause of activity; b. elasticity; c. the faculty of memory. 1896‘Swāmi Vivekānanda’ Yoga Philos. 233 Samskâra, impressions in the mind-stuff that produce habits. 1930N. Dutt Aspects Mahayana Buddhism iii. 94 They have been blinded by avidyā (ignorance of the Truth), from which have followed the saṃskaras (impressions). 1952H. Zimmer Philos. of India iii. ii. 324 The noun saṁskāra, signifying ‘impression, influence, operation, form, and mold’, is one of the basic terms of Indian philosophy. 1977J. Hewitt Yoga & Meditation v. 42 The other is that which consists only of Samskaras, being brought on by the practice of the cause of complete suspension. |
