| 释义 |
cytology Biol.|saɪˈtɒlədʒɪ|
[f. cyto- + -logy.]
The study of the cells of organisms; exfoliative cytology, the examination of cells that have been shed by an internal or external surface of the body as a means of detecting and identifying any tumours that may be present.
1889Athenæum 4 May 571/2 The questions of variation, heredity, cytology, &c. 1911Encycl. Brit. XXI. 765/1 The elementary unit of plant structure..is the cell... Upon our knowledge of its minute structure or cytology, combined with a study of its physiological activities, depends the ultimate solution of all the important problems of nutrition,..variation, sex and reproduction. 1928E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) 17 The present work has been written by a student of embryology and cytology, with especial reference to the cell considered as the physical basis of heredity and development. 1949Ann. Internal Med. XXXI. 661 (heading) A survey of the actualities and potentialities of exfoliative cytology in cancer diagnosis. 1952C. P. Blacker Eugenics x. 234 The second province of science (cytology) on which genetics is founded is concerned with the internal structure of the cell, especially of its nucleus. 1970Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. II. xxviii. 9/1 While exfoliative cytology is a useful screening technique, a definitive diagnosis should be confirmed by more reliable means, such as biopsy, whenever possible.
Hence cytoˈlogic (chiefly U.S.), -ˈlogical adjs., of or pertaining to cytology; also, in or on cells; cytoˈlogically adv., from the point of view of cytology; cyˈtologist, one who studies cells.
1895Ann. Bot. IX. 505 Boveri and with him many other cytologists believe that they [sc. the centrosomes] do actively direct and control the process of nuclear division. 1896E. B. Wilson Cell ii. 70 A consideration of the forces at work in mitotic division..leads us into one of the most debatable fields of cytological inquiry. 1908Practitioner Apr. 525 The infected region..should be bacteriologically and cytologically examined. 1922R. C. Punnett Mendelism (ed. 6) 116 The cytologists have not provided us with any evidence of sex-chromosomes in plants. 1942Jrnl. Technical Methods XXII. 75 Cytologic studies with the electron microscope. 1952G. H. Bourne Cytol. & Cell Physiol. (ed. 2) ix. 406 Apart from their capacity to induce malignancy, these agents have one cytological action in common. They are all capable of bringing about aberrations of mitosis. 1952Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. LXXIX. 252 (heading) Cytologic changes in rat adenohypophysis following administration of adrenocorticotrophin or cortisone. 1970Nature 12 Sept. 1109/2 They are characterized cytologically by the presence of nucleoli of unequal size in most cells. |
