| 释义 |
Old Beˈliever
[tr. Russ. starovér.]
A member of that section of the Russian Orthodox Church which refused to accept the liturgical reforms of the patriarch Nikon (1605–1681). Also called Raskolnik.
1814R. Pinkerton tr. Platon's Present State Greek Ch. in Russia 293 On the death of the first leaders of the modern Raskolniks, some of the sects resolved to admit runaway priests into their communion, and to acknowledge their ordination on condition of their becoming Old Believers. 1879L. B. Lang tr. Rambaud's Hist. Russia I. xxii. 433 She had arrested certain ‘old believers’. 1911Encycl. Brit. XIX. 692/1 This ruthlessness goes far to explain the unappeasable hatred with which the ‘Old Ritualists’ and the ‘Old Believers’, as they now began to be called, ever afterwards regarded Nikon and all his works. 1921F. C. Conybeare Russ. Dissenters i. iii. 140 Court Kolovrat, the protector of the Old believers in Austria. 1931Times Lit. Suppl. 12 Feb. 105/3 In Kiev, where he made the acquaintance of the community of Old Believers, who upheld the schism in the Orthodox Church. 1932M. Eastman tr. Trotsky's Hist. Russ. Revolution I. i. 27 The struggle against the state church did not go farther than the creation of peasant sects, the faction of the Old Believers being the most powerful among them. 1957Oxf. Dict. Chr. Ch. 960/2 His [sc. Nikon's] liturgical reforms were sanctioned..and the formation of the schismatical sect of the Old Believers followed. 1959Listener 19 Feb. 338/3, I would put the number of practising Orthodox Christians (including Old Believers) [in the U.S.S.R.] somewhat lower than the figure..suggested by Mr. Kolarz. 1962K. S. Latourette Christianity in Revolutionary Age IV. xix. 508 In 1957 the Old Believers were known to have a church in Moscow. 1963V. Nabokov Gift ii. 122 In 1862, sixty Russian Old-Believers with their wives and children lived for half a year in these parts. 1963N. V. Riasanovsky Hist. Russia xix. 221 Shchapov and numerous others have stressed the social composition of the Old Believers and the social and economic reasons for their rebellion. 1973Guardian 5 Mar. 2/7 The Soviet magazine Science and Religion..was criticising small groups of Old Believers..in Tuvinskaya province. |
