| 释义 |
▪ I. splat, n.1
[f. splat v.1]
A flat piece of wood, a flat bar or rail, esp. one forming the central part of a chair-back.
1833Loudon Encycl. Archit. §2108 The splats (the middle part of the back, which either connects the top and bottom rails, or the two side styles) are carved. 1854A. E. Baker Northampt. Gloss., Splat, the rails or staves used for the framing of a chair. The flat steps of a ladder bear the same name. 1904Burlington Mag. V. 382/1 The carving..is peculiarly good, both in the splats and the front leg.
▪ II. splat, n.2
[f. splat v.2]
1. colloq. A slapping and splashing sound; a smack.
1958S. A. Grau Hard Blue Sky vi. 375 Annie was throwing the mud by handfuls and listening to the splat and sizzle. 1974Publishers Weekly 11 Nov. 48/1 She tosses her head as she thinks how superior she'll be and, of course, the basket of eggs falls with a ‘Splatt!’ [sic]. 1976‘Trevanian’ Main (1977) iv. 72 A spoiled child dangles from her free hand... She gives it a good shake and a splat on the bottom. 1979D. Gurr Troika xxiv. 176 The dough hit him across the face with a vicious slapping splat.
2. Metallurgy.
a. Used attrib. and in Comb. with reference to a method of cooling hot liquid metal extremely rapidly by causing droplets of the metal, propelled by a shock wave, to strike and spread out upon a (usu. rotating) metal surface; so splat-cool vb., splat-cooled ppl. adj., splat-cooling vbl. n., splat-quench vb., etc.
1960New Scientist 28 July 286/2 Known as ‘splat cooling’, it consists in melting about 25 mg of metal in a shock tube by inductive heating. The resultant liquid drops are shot out of the tube by the shock wave and, travelling at high speed, impinge on the inside rim of a fast-revolving copper wheel. Because the splattering drops spread into a very thin film and the centrifugal force imparted by the spinning wheel ensures good thermal contact, the metal or alloy cools at something like a million degrees a second. 1965Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME CCXXXIII. 1584/1 Heat-transfer coefficients..for aluminum and silver splat cooled essentially on a nickel substrate. 1968Acta Metallurgica XVI. 1204/2 Alloys from 5 to 95% Sn in approximately 5% steps were splat cooled. 1968Jrnl. Chem. Physics XLVIII. 1911/1 No stacking disorder was observed in splat-quenched two-phase alloys between α-Pb and ε [sc. a Pb–Bi alloy]. 1972Materials Sci. & Engin. X. 343/1 Small pieces of the homogenized ingots were splat quenched at a rate of approximately 106 deg per sec. 1974Nature 8 Nov. 100/2 He [sc. Pol Duwez] conceived the idea of blasting a small molten drop of alloy by means of a gaseous shock wave against a sloping piece of copper: the technique soon acquired..the onomatopoeic designation ‘splat-cooling’. 1976Ibid. 29 Jan. 271/3 A technique for splat-quenching and compaction of Al–Fe alloys.
b. A thin, localized film of metal produced in splat-cooling.
1965Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME CCXXXIII. 1581/1 Upon impact the metal spread into a thin nonuniform film called a splat, about 10-4 cm thick. 1976Materials Sci. & Engin. XXIII. 101/2 Chemical analyses of splats..indicated that some Cr was lost.
▪ III. † splat, v.1 Obs.
Also 5 splatt, 5–6 splatte, 5 (8–9) splate; pa. pple. 5, 7 splat.
[Obscurely related to splet v. and split v. Cf. also splate v.]
1. trans. To cut up, to split open; esp. to dress (a pike) in this manner for cooking.
In later use only as a traditional entry from lists of ‘proper’ terms.
c1400Laud Troy Bk. 14008 He layde him as brod & flat As is a pike when he is splat. a1440Sir Eglam. 490 To splatt the bore they wente fulle tyte, Ther was no knyfe that wolde hym byte. c1450Two Cookery-bks. 101 Take the pike, and roste him splat on a gredire. Ibid. 105 Take a tenche, and splat him, and roste him on a gredire. 1495Act 11 Hen. VII, c. 23 §1 Every suche fisshe shuld be splatted downe to a handfull of the taille. 1513Bk. Keruynge in Babees Bk. (1868) 265 Splatte that pyke. 1615Markham Eng. Housew. ii. ii. 57 A Gigget of Mutton which is the legge splatted and halfe part of the loine together. [1688Holme Armoury iii. 78 Splat that Pike. (Also in Phillips, Bailey, etc.) 1787Best Angling (ed. 2) 169 Splate a pike, cut him up. 1853Fraser's Mag. XLVIII. 694 The reader will remember..that he gobbets trout,..splates pike,..and sides haddock.]
2. Of a horse: To strain (the shoulder).
Cf. splaiting vbl. n.
1614Markham Cheap Husb. i. 30 There be many infirmities which make a Horse halt, as..splatting the shoulder, shoulder pight, straines in ioynts, and such like.
3. To spread out flat.
1615W. Lawson Orch. & Gard. iii. (1623) 8 And where, or when, did you euer see a great tree packt on a wall? Nay, who did euer know a tree so vnkindly splat, come to age?
▪ IV. splat, v.2 (int. and adv.) colloq.
[Shortening of splatter v.]
1. intr. To land with a sharp smacking sound, or with a sound as of slapping and splashing. Also as adv., as to go splat, and int.
1897‘H. S. Merriman’ In Kedar's Tents v. 55 A bullet went ‘splat’ against a rock. 1922J. A. Dunn Man Trap xvi. 226 A bullet whistled by Jimmy's head, splatting on the lava crust. 1937J. Steinbeck in Esquire Sept. 200/3 His fist splatted into Johnny Bear's smiling mouth. 1970R. D. Abrahams Positively Black iv. 101 This here bird flies over head and really lets go, right splat on her head. 1976J. Grady Great Pebble Affair (1977) 96 I'll jump out of the window... I hope I splat and spoil all the upholstery on those goddamn jalopies. 1977Undercurrents June–July 34/3 Picked up the tap and splat! It leapt across the room.
2. trans. Metallurgy. To cause droplets of (a metal) to strike a surface and form a film in the process of splat-cooling.
1965Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME CCXXXIII. 1583/1 Two metals, aluminum and silver, were selected to be splatted because of their high thermal conductivities and lack of oxidation problems.
Hence ˈsplatted ppl. a., ˈsplatting vbl. n.
1976Phil. Mag. XXXIV. 236 The average energy loss..was determined..from specimens immediately after splatting. Ibid., Prior to performing microanalysis it was necessary to calibrate the variation of energy loss Ep with copper concentration for splatted material. |
