| 释义 |
‖ mastaba(h|ˈmæstəbə|
Also 7 mastabe.
[Arab. miç-, maçṭabah (of Pers. origin).]
1. A bench, seat.
1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1621) 834 Sitting vpon a pallet, which the Turks call Mastabe. 1665Sir T. Herbert Trav. (1677) 175 At the upper end (surmounting the rest so much onely as two or three Mastaba's or white silken shags would elevate) sat the Pot-Shaw. 1687A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. ii. 29 A Mastabe is a kind of a half pace, that's to say, that the Floor is raised two or three foot from the ground, and there the Travellers lodge.
2. An ancient Egyptian tomb, rectangular or square in plan, flat-topped, with sides sloping outward to the base. Also attrib. and Comb.
1882Nature XXVI. 57 The mastabas were the mausolea of the richer and more important personages. 1883H. W. V. Stuart Egypt 469 Stone mastabahs with inscriptions. 1883Encycl. Brit. XX. 122/2 They have been extended upwards and around into a great stepped mass of masonry.., the successive faces of which rise at the characteristic mastaba angle of 75°. 1931G. A. Reisner Mycerinus i. 3 Some of the mastaba tombs also belonged to members of the royal family. 1932Times Lit. Suppl. 26 May 389/1 The concession of the area of that pyramid and of large areas in the vast mastaba-field of Giza. 1936Ibid. 13 June 501/1 Around the three great pyramids..are grouped..the mastaba-tombs of the nobles. 1952E. B. Garside tr. Ceram's Gods, Graves, & Scholars ii. x. 120 A mastaba is an oblong structure with sloping sides containing cult rooms and connected by a shaft with a burial chamber in the rock beneath. 1964W. L. Goodman Hist. Woodworking Tools iv. i. 160 The only tool shown in use on mastaba reliefs. Ibid., This method of constructing the cabin or house with overlapping vertical boards may explain why the walls of the early mastaba tombs..show the deep recesses. |
