| 释义 |
‖ estufa U.S.|ɛˈstuːfə|
[Sp. estufa, heated room, vapour bath, corresp. to It. stufa, OF. estuve (mod.F. étuve); of Teut. origin: cf. OHG. stupa (Ger. stube room): see stove.]
An underground chamber, in which a fire is kept constantly burning; used by the Pueblo Indians of Spanish North America as a place of assembly.
1844J. Gregg Commerce of Prairies I. 271 The famous estufas, or subterranean vaults. 1875Parkman in N. Amer. Rev. CXX. 45 Estufas, or subterranean chambers..where the men of the community meet for social, deliberative, and religious purposes. 1876L. H. Morgan ibid. CXXIII. 83 Circular estufas found in connection with the new Mexican pueblos. 1881― Contrib. Amer. Ethnol. 148 The regular time for meeting in the estufa is the last day of December.
Restrict U.S. to sense in Dict. and add: 2. In Wine-making, a heated chamber used for storing and maturing madeira after fermentation, to caramelize some of its residual sugar.
1877Pall Mall Gaz. 11 Oct. 10/1 The estufas of the firm include an estufa warmed by artificial heat and an estufa do sol, deriving its warmth, as its name implies, exclusively from the sun. 1880H. Vizetelly Facts about Port & Madeira iii. iv. 184 These artificially-heated estufas are only used by the larger shipping houses, who, however, heat wine in them for other shippers at a stated rate. 1937R. S. Codman Vintage Dinners 14 The new wine is racked and sent to the estufa stoves. 1965A. Sichel Penguin Bk. Wines iii. 218 The casks are stored in heated rooms called ‘estufas’, in which the temperature is gradually raised to between 90° F. and 140° F. 1978Washington Post 25 May e11/2 The must is then carried in goatskins to the ‘estufa’. 1987Country Living Nov. 96/4 The islanders of Madeira have been using specially designed ‘stoves’, estufas, to cook their wine. |
