| 释义 |
Geneva2|dʒɪˈniːvə|
The name of a town in Switzerland, used attrib. or quasi-adj. with the sense ‘belonging to, made or originated at Geneva’; often with reference to matters of Calvinistic doctrine or discipline, or of puritanical practice.
Geneva bands, clerical bands (see band n.2 4 b) resembling those worn by the Swiss Calvinist clergy. Geneva bible, the English translation of the Bible first printed at Geneva in 1560; so Geneva testament. Geneva convention (see quot. 19102 and cf. convention 8 a). Geneva cross, a red Greek cross on a white ground, used in war time as a badge to distinguish ambulances, hospitals, and the persons serving them. Geneva gown, a black gown such as was worn by the Calvinist clergy when preaching. † Geneva hat, a hat of the style regarded as distinctive of the Puritan clergy. † Geneva print, (a) the kind of type used in the Geneva bibles (in quot. allusively); (b) applied jocularly to the style of pleated linen worn by Puritan women. Geneva Protocol (see quot. 1970). † Geneva set, ? a small plain ruff worn by the Calvinist clergy (cf. quot. 1633). Geneva watch, a Swiss-made watch; also ellipt.
c1570in Strype's Parker App. 139 This Error is also in the Geneva Bible. 1623Massinger Dk. Milan i. i. B j b, If you meet An officer preaching of sobriety, Vnlesse he read it in Geneua print, Lay him by the heeles. 1628Earle Microcosm., Shee precise Hypocr. (Arb.) 63 Shee is a Nonconformist in a close Stomacher and Ruffle of Geneua Print. 1633T. Adams Exp. 2 Peter ii. 5 You shall..find her [i.e. pride] as soon in a little Geneva-set, as in a great Spanish ruff. 1635Davenant News fr. Plymouth iv. (1673) 23/1 And get more Charities by it From your little ruff'd Geneva-Man, or Flemming. 1637Laud Let. 28 Aug. in Strafford Lett. (1739) II. 100 They do not only sing the Psalms after the Geneva Tune but expound the text too in the Geneva sense. 1639Mayne City Match v. i, Who does he look like in that dresse? New. Hum? why Like a Geneva Weaver, in black. 1639Drummond of Hawthornden Consid. to Parl. Wks. (1711) 186 Church-men..shall have liberty to wear the old fashion of Geneva hats and apparel. 1640H. Glapthorne Wit in Const. i. Wks. 1874 I. 172 He has already spoyld His eyes with prying on Geneva prints. 1678Dryden Limberham iv. i, Get thee hence, thou old Geneva testament: thou art a part of the ceremonial law, and hast been abolished these twenty years. 1820Scott Abbot vi, It is like that..the mass and the cross will come up, and then down go pulpits, Geneva-gowns, and black silk skull-caps. 1844C. M. Yonge Abbeychurch ii. 23 Above it hung a small Geneva watch. 1854Thackeray Newcomes II. xxvii. 250 Let us hope divine truths may be shining..which Geneva glasses cannot yet perceive, and are beyond the focus of Roman telescopes. 1860Emerson Cond. Life, Behav. Wks. (Bohn) II. 383 Men are like Geneva watches with crystal faces which expose the whole movement. [1865Parl. Papers LVII. 473 (title) Accession of the British Government to the Convention signed at Geneva, August 22, 1864, for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field.] 1880L. Hertslet Treaties & Conventions Gt. Brit. & Foreign Powers XIV. 1164 The following is a list of the Parties who signed, or have acceded to, the Geneva Convention up to this date. 1882Edna Lyall Donovan xv, No clergyman in surplice and stole, or gown and Geneva bands, had ever preached to him. 1900Daily News 21 Mar. 5/6 ‘Explosive bullets’..were..expressly condemned by the Geneva Convention. 1910A. Bennett Clayhanger iii. xiv. 422 Edwin..drew out the silver Geneva. 1910Encycl. Brit. XI. 592/1 Geneva Convention, an international agreement for the purpose of improving the condition of wounded soldiers of armies in the field, originally adopted at an international conference held at Geneva, Switzerland, in 1864, and afterwards replaced by the convention of July 6, 1906, also adopted at Geneva. This later agreement is the one now known as the Geneva Convention. 1933[see bacteriological a. b]. 1959Listener 26 Feb. 392/1 The tradition of the Geneva convention. 1970Sat. Rev. 6 June 28/3 The Geneva Protocol of 1925..banned the use in war of all ‘asphyxiating, poisonous, or other gases’ and of ‘bacteriological methods of warfare’.
b. Mech. Geneva drive, mechanism, etc., a mechanism for converting a continuous rotatory motion into an intermittent rotatory motion, consisting of a driving wheel to which is attached a pin that engages with one of several radial slots in the driven wheel for part of each revolution; also ellipt.; Geneva stop, a stop (stop n.2 9 d) consisting of a pair of gears in which the driven wheel lacks cogs or slots on part of its circumference.
1869W. J. M. Rankine Man. Machinery & Millwork 286 (heading) Intermittent gearing–counter-wheels–Geneva stop. 1873Geneva stop [see stop n.2 9 d]. 1913F. A. Talbot Pract. Cinematogr. iii. 26 The early types of camera were fitted with what is known as the Geneva stop movement. 1918F. D. Jones Mechanisms vi. 154 The general type of intermittent gearing..is commonly known as the ‘Geneva wheel’, because of the similarity to the well-known Geneva stop used to prevent the over-winding of springs. 1949Tool Engineers Handbk. (Amer. Soc. Tool Engineers) lxxviii. 1143 A special geneva drive is utilized to impart intermittent motion to the circular electrodes. 1953L. J. Wheeler Princ. Cinematogr. vi. 179 The Geneva Movement, or Maltese Cross,..is now used almost exclusively throughout the industry. 1967S. B. Tuttle Mechanisms for Engin. Design iii. 35 The Geneva mechanism. Ibid. 37 The internal Geneva produces intermittent circular motion in which the dwell period is less than 40% of the elapsed time. 1970R. M. Phelan Fund. Mech. Design (ed. 3) xii. 286 The Geneva wheel..is satisfactory for relatively high-speed operation. Ibid. 287 The Geneva stop is a useful variation of the Geneva wheel in which one of the slots in the driven member is left closed, thus permitting only a certain number of revolutions..before the pin hits the closed slot and stops the motion. |
