| 释义 |
ˈheronsew, -shew, -shaw Now somewhat arch. or dial.
Forms: α. 4–6, 9 dial. heronsew, -e (also 5 heroun-, heiroun-, heyroun-, heryn-sew(e, heronseu, 6 herensew, 8 herrensue, 8–9 heronsue, -seugh, corrupt. herrin-, herringsue). β. 5– hernsew, (5–6 hernesew, -e, 6 hearnsew, 7 hernseu, 9 dial. hernser, -sey, harnsa, -ser, -sey). γ. 6–9 heronshew, (6– hearonshew, 7 heronshoe, -showe, 9 dial. -sheugh, -shuf). δ. 5–7 hernshew, herneshewe, (6 hernshoe, hearnsheaw, 7 hearneshoe, 9 dial. herrinshouw). ε. 7– heronshaw. ζ. 6– hernshaw, (6 hearne-, 6–7 herne-, 7 hirnshaw(e).
[ME. heronsew, etc., a. OF. heronceau (Palsgr.), earlier heroncel, pl. -çaux (Godef.), dim. of heron.
The ending -sew for F. -ceau has in some dialects come down as -sue, -sey, -ser; but it also passed in 16th c. into -shew, afterwards popularly made into -shoe, -show, and -shaw. In the last of these forms it was erroneously taken by Cotgr. for shaw = wood. In coast dialects heron- or hern- is now frequently corrupted to herrin', herring, the shoals of which fish are said to be followed by herons.]
lit. A little or young heron; but in current use = heron.
αc1386Chaucer Sqr.'s T. 60, I wol nat tellen..of hir swannes nor of hir heronsewes [v.r. heirounsewis]. 1409Durham MS. Cell. Roll, In iij herounseus emp., xv d. 1542Boorde Dyetary xv. (1870) 270 A yonge herensew is lyghter of dygestyon than a crane. 1764T. Bridges Homer Travest. (1797) II. 381 When to their view Appeared a long-legged heron-sue. 1785Hutton Bran New Wark 30 Nivver did hullet, herrensue, or miredrum, mak sic a noise before. 1796W. Marshall E. Yorksh. (ed. 2) Gloss., Herrinsew. 1825Brockett, Heronsew, Heronseugh. 1855Robinson Whitby Gloss. s.v., ‘As thin as a herring-sue’, a tall lanky person. 1870E. Peacock Ralf Skirl. II. 111 We got..two butterbumps and a heronsew.
βc1440Anc. Cookery in Househ. Ord. (1790) 450 Pygge rosted..and hernesewes. 1567J. Maplet Gr. Forest 88 The heron or hearnsew is called Ardea for mounting aloft. 1635Swan Spec. M. viii. §2 (1643) 392 The Heron or Hernsew is a fowl that liveth about waters. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Harnsey, a heron. 1885Swainson Names Birds 144 Harnser (Suffolk)..Hernsew, Heronseugh (Yorkshire).
γ1563B. Googe Eglogs viii. (Arb.) 68 The Hearonshew mountes aboue the clouds, Ye Crowes ech other do cry; All this showes rayn. 1613Markham Eng. Husbandman i. i. iii. (1635) 12 If Hernes or Heronshoes cry much in their flying. 1620Venner Via Recta iii. 64 The young Heronshowes are with some accounted a very dainty dish. 1805Scott Last Minstr. vi. vi, Capon, heron-shew, and crane. 1893Northumbld. Gloss., Heronsheugh, heronseugh, heronshuf, heronsyueff, heerinseugh, a heron.
δ1575E. Hake Newes out of Powles Churchyd. D ij b, Both Capon, Swan, and Hernshoe good. 1575Laneham Let. (1871) 8 Wyre cagez..in them, liue Bitters, Curluz, Shoouelarz, Hear[n]sheawz..and such like deinty Byrds. 1613–16W. Browne Brit. Past. ii. v, Upon whose tops the Herneshew bred her young.
ε1678Ray Willughby's Ornith. 277 The common Heron or Heronshaw. Thence1768in Pennant Zool. II. 339.
ζ1530Palsgr. 187 Heronceav, an hernshawe. 1593Nashe Christ's T. 91 a, A Hearneshaw (a whole afternoone together) sate on the top of S. Peters Church in Cornehill. 1596Spenser F.Q. vi. vii. 9 As when a cast of Faulcons make their flight At an Herneshaw, that lyes aloft on wing. 1617Moryson Itin. iii. 146 The Ilands..the English call Silly..all abound with Conies, Cranes, Swannes, Hirnshawes, and other Sea birdes. 1867Carlyle Remin. (1881) II. 147 The only time I ever saw a hernshaw (‘herrin'-shouw’ the Annandalers call it) actually fishing.
†b. criel-heronshaw = cryal heron, the Egret or Lesser White Heron. Obs.
1655Moufet & Bennet Health's Improv. (1746) 176 All the Heronshaws, namely, the black, white, Criel-Heronshaw, and the Mire-dromble.
c. Phrase. to know a hawk from a heronshaw.
Conjectural emendation of the Shaksperian ‘I know a Hawke from a Handsaw’, proposed by Hanmer (1744), who, being a Suffolk man, founded this on the East Anglian dialectal harnsey, harnsa, harnser (see β). Hence in later writers: see handsaw.
1766Pennant Zool. (1812) II. 11 Not to know the Hawk from the Heronshaw, was an old proverb taken originally from this diversion [heron-hawking]; but, in course of time, served to express great ignorance in any science. 1838Gen. P. Thompson Exerc. (1842) IV. 315 What claim I have to your attention as one that knows a hawk from a herring⁓sue, it is for yourselves to settle. 1865Carlyle Fredk. Gt. xxi. v. X. 94 The clever Elliot, who knew a hawk from a hernshaw, never floundered into that platitude.
¶ Erroneously explained by Cotgr. from shaw a wood; whence in Kersey and later Dictionaries; but app. never really so used.
1611Cotgr., Haironniere, a herons neast, or ayrie; a herneshaw, or shaw of wood, wherein herons breed. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Hern-shaw or hernery, a Place where Herns breed. 1755Johnson, Heronry, Heronshaw, a place where herons breed. 1826J. Thomson Etymons Eng. Words, Hernshaw, a heronry. [So in later Dicts.] |
