| 释义 |
Bayes, n. Math.|beɪz|
The name of Thomas Bayes (1702–61), English mathematician, used attrib. and in the possessive to designate concepts relating to inverse probability, esp. Bayes' theorem, a theorem expressing the probability of one of a number of mutually exclusive events Hi, given some other event E, in terms of the probabilities of all the Hi independently of E and the probabilities of E given each Hi.
1865I. Todhunter Hist. Math. Theory Probability xiv. 299 Lubbock and Drinkwater think that Bayes, or perhaps rather Price, confounded the probability given by Bayes's theorem with the probability given by the result just taken from Laplace. 1907Phil. Mag. XIII. 366, I assume the truth of Bayes' theorem. 1922R. A. Fisher in Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A. CCXXII. 324 The result, the datum, and the postulate implied by the scholium, have all been somewhat loosely spoken of as Bayes' Theorem. 1943[see posterior a. 1 b]. 1967Condon & Odishaw Handbk. Physics (ed. 2) i. xii. 164/2 Bayes' theorem is the cornerstone of inverse probability, a precise form of inductive inference that seeks to reason from observed events to the probabilities of the various hypotheses that may explain them. 1970Nature 12 Sept. 1172/2 Empirical Bayes methods have been hailed as one of the major advances in modern statistics. 1985Brit. Med. Jrnl. 9 Nov. 1354/1 Using Bayes' theorem..more extensive information of this kind will enable us to make confident clinical diagnoses in sore throats. 1988Nature 7 Apr. 496/2 A probabilistic argument based on the table leads to a likelihood ratio or Bayes factor of 100 in favour of the hypothesis H without even allowing for the elegance of the integers. |
