| 释义 |
▪ I. justiciary, n.1|dʒʌˈstɪʃɪərɪ|
Also justitiary.
[ad. med.L. jūstitiāri-us, -ciāri-us judge, f. jūstitia justice: see -ary1 B. 1. A doublet of justiciar.]
1. Eng. Hist. The chief political and judicial officer under the Norman and early Plantagenet kings; more fully, Chief Justiciary: = justiciar 1.
Found only in modern historians, as a rendering of med.L. justiciarius: the form justiciar was in use a century earlier.
1700Tyrrell Hist. Eng. II. 848 Hubert de Burgh the Justitiary. 1769Blackstone Comm. IV. xxxiii. 416 [After the Conquest] the aula regis.. was erected: and a capital justiciary appointed. 1818Hallam Mid. Ages viii. ii. (1819) II. 461 The King's Court..was composed of the great officers; the chief justiciary, the chancellor, the constable, marshall, chamberlain, steward, and treasurer, with any others whom the king might appoint. 1863H. Cox Instit. ii. viii. 506 In the time of William I. the Chief Justiciary was, after the King, the principal political person in the kingdom.
2. = justice 9 a, justiciar 2. Obs. exc. Hist.
1761London IV. 10 The citizens..had..the county of Middlesex added to their jurisdiction..with a power of appointing..a Justiciary from among themselves. 1827Gentl. Mag. XCVII. ii. 495 On the 12th of February, 1267, Alexander III. issued a patent..witnessed by the Earl of Buchan, Justiciary. 1868Milman St. Paul's 36 He had been a travelling justiciary in 1179. 1874Green Short Hist. ii. §5. 83 A royal justiciary secured law to the Jewish merchant.
3. One who maintains or executes justice; an administrator of justice; = justicer 1, 2.
a1548Hall Chron. 10 Henry V, This sheperd was such a iusticiary that no offence was vnpunished, no frend⁓ship vnrewarded. 1590Greene Royal Exch. Wks. 1882 VII. 240 Ariscides, the perfect Justiciarie of his time. 1675Cave Antiq. Apost. (1702) 14 The supream ruler and justiciary of the world. 1855Milman Lat. Chr. v. ii. II. 313 The Emperor is..the supreme justiciary in his Gallic and German realm. 1895Daily News 16 Sept. 6/5 The Right, in this instance, was the justiciary of the Republic.
4. Used to designate various foreign officers of state and judicial functionaries, esp. F. justicier, Sp. justiciero, It. sindaco, etc.
1763Gibbon Misc. Wks. (1814) III. 36 The justiciary of Arragon, a name dreadful to royal ears. 1768Sterne Sent. Journ., Passport, Versailles iv, The passport was directed to all..generals of armies, justiciaries and all officers of justices. 1854Milman Lat. Chr. x. iv. IV. 378 The Senate and people of Rome..had sent justiciaries into Tuscany..to receive oaths of allegiance..and to exact tribute.
†5. Theol. One who holds that man can of himself attain to righteousness. Cf. justice 2. Obs.
1532Becon Pomander Prayer Wks. 1843–4 II. 89 Suffer me not therefore, O Lord, to be in the number of those justiciaries which, boasting their own righteousness..despise that righteousness that cometh by faith. 1550― Govern. Virtue ibid. I. 423 Christ ‘came not to call the justiciaries, but sinners to repentance.’ 1563Homilies ii. Rogation Week i. ⁋6 Iusticiaries and hipocrites, which rob Almighty God of this honour, and ascribe it to themselues. a1625Boys Wks. (1630) 456 The Pharisee..is a type of all Iustitiaries hoping to be saued by the righteousness of the law. a1716South Serm. (1744) IX. 146 The pompous austerities and fastings of many religious operators, and splendid justiciaries.
Hence juˈsticiaryship, the office of justiciary.
1700Tyrrell Hist. Eng. II. 890 He required Him..to give an Account of his Justitiaryship. 1870Pall Mall G. 10 Aug. 11 De Olifard found his reward in a grant of lands in Roxburghshire and the justiciaryship of Lothian.
▪ II. justiciary, n.2|dʒʌˈstɪʃɪərɪ|
Also justitiary.
[ad. med.L. jūstitiāria, -ciāria, f. jūstitia justice: see -ary1 B. 3.]
1. Sc. The jurisdiction of a justiciar or justiciary: see justiciar 2 b.
High Court of Justiciary, the supreme criminal tribunal of Scotland. circuit court of justiciary, justiciary court, a circuit court held by judges of the High Court. commissioners of justiciary: see quot. 1846.
[1318: see justiciar 2 b.] 1473in Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. (1877) I. 68 Item gevin to the Justice Schire Dauid Guthere of that Ilk, knycht, for his fee of this ȝere of his office of Justiciary..jcti. 1491Sc. Acts Jas. IV (1597) §43 The Clerke of the Iusticiarie sall take dittay there⁓vpon, and they to be punished as oppressoures. 1579Sc. Acts Jas. VI (1597) §86 To that effect [our soueraine Lord]..grantis and givis to them power and commission of Iusticiarie. 1746–7Act 20 Geo. II, c. 43 §1 That all Heretable Jurisdictions of Justiciary.. within that part of Great Britain called Scotland..shall be..abrogated. 1752Scots Mag. (1753) Oct. 493/1 The circuit-courts of justiciary. 1752J. Louthian Form of Process (ed. 2) 6 The five Lords..are called Commissioners of Justiciary, and are invested with an equal Power and Jurisdiction in all Criminal Causes. 1846McCulloch Acc. Brit. Empire (1854) II. 223 The Court of Justiciary..consists of five judges, who are also judges of the Court of Session, specially commissioned by the sovereign, together with the justice-general and justice-clerk.
attrib.1819R. Chapman Jas. V 128 To put an end to those disorders, the king established a justiciary court at Jedburgh. 1844Ld. Brougham Brit. Const. xix. §6. (1862) 367 The distinction of justiciary, session, and jury judges is done away.
2. Judicature.
1869Draper Amer. Civ. War I. xxvi. §6. 445 Already has that [non-slaveholding] power reduced the supreme justiciary to a mere temporary bulwark.
▪ III. justiciary, a.|dʒʌˈstɪʃɪərɪ|
[ad. med. or mod.L. jūstitiāri-us, F. justiciaire ‘of or belonging unto Justice’ (Cotgr. 1611).]
1. Pertaining to, or connected with, the administration of justice, or the office of a justice. (See also justiciary n.2 1 attrib.)
1581Mulcaster Positions xxxix. (1887) 207 They may spare number enough..to all martiall and militare affaires to all iusticiarie functions. 1632Brome North. Lasse iii. ii. Wks. 1873 III. 57 You have alwayes been so strict and terrible in your Iustitiarie courses. 1711E. Ward Vulgus Brit. vi. 77 Those Justitiary Fools Old Headboroughs and Constables. 1897Maitland Domesday & Beyond 102 The demarcation of justiciary areas.
†2. Theol. Pertaining to, or believing in, ‘the righteousness which is of the law’; self-righteous: see justiciary n.1 5. Obs.
1615T. Adams Blacke Devill 3 A justiciary, imaginary, self-conceited righteousnesse. 1630Symmer Rest Weary v. B iij b, The proud Pharisee and Iusticiarie Hypocrite. a1665J. Goodwin Filled w. the Spirit (1867) 114 Such a kind of Christian or believer who savours much of the justiciary and legal spirit. |
