| 释义 |
▪ I. truss, n.|trʌs|
Forms: 3–8 trusse, (4–6 trosse, trus, 5 truse, Sc. troiss), 9 (in sense 5) tross, 7– truss. β. Sc. 5 turss, 5–7 turs, 7 turse, tirrs.
[a. F. trousse, OF. also torse, trusse, tourse (12–15th c. in Godef.), Prov. trossa, Sp. troxa, Pg. trouxa; according to Scheler and Hatz.-Darm. vbl. n. from trousser to truss.]
1. a. A collection of things bound together, or packed in a receptacle; a bundle, pack; † in quot. 1577–87 collect. baggage. Now chiefly technical.
12..Ancr. R. 168 (MS. C.) Noble men & gentile..ne uareð nout itrussed mid trusses [Cott. Nero trusseaus], ne mid purses. 1390Gower Conf. III. 194 The paien rod upon an asse, And of his catell more and lasse With him a riche trusse he ladde. c1400Rom. Rose 4004 Undir his heed no pilowe was, But in the stede a trusse of gras. 1472Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 162 A turs of fresche ate fodder. 1562W. Bullein Bulwark, Dial. Soarnes & Chir. 46 Knede it with a little Beane meale, and roule theim vp into a trosse. 1577–87Holinshed Chron. (1807) II. 342 They spoiled the carriage and trusse of the said barons. 1622Malynes Anc. Law-Merch. 199 Commodities..packt vp in Bundels, Trusses, Cases, Coffers or Packes. 1712Tickell Spect. No. 410 ⁋2 She..devoured a Trusse of Sallet.
fig.1531Elyot Gov. i. xiv, Lerned men..whiche..haue..perused the great fardelles and trusses of the moste barbarouse autours, stuffed with innumerable gloses. 1878L. Villari Machiavelli (1898) I. 3 The Commune was merely a truss of minor associations, badly bound together.
b. spec. A bundle of hay or straw; in technical use, of a definite weight, varying at different times and places: see below.
The truss of hay is usually a compact mass of hay, approximately cubical, cut from the stack, and tied; now generally, in England, of old hay, 56 lbs.; of new hay, 60 lbs.; a truss of straw, 36 lbs.
1483in Acta Audit. (1839) 123*/2 Thre hundreth turss of hay. 1561in Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 1587 401/1, 20 laid of cane peitis, ane turs of stray. 1608–9Shuttleworths' Acc. (Chetham Soc.) 180 Towe trusses of haye, ijs. 1609Ibid., A trusse of strawe, vd. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 73/1 A Truss of Hay, as much as can be tied together in an Hay Rope, for a Man to carry on his shoulder. 1727–41Chambers Cycl. sv., A truss of hay is to contain fifty-six pounds,..thirty-six trusses make a load. In June and August the truss is to weigh sixty pounds. 1846J. Baxter's Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. 63 Result.—On the acre sown with nitrate, 7 sacks 1 bushel of wheat, 50 trusses of straw. On the acre without manure, 6 sacks, 40 trusses of straw. 1862M. E. Braddon Lady Audley x, A waggon laden with trusses of hay. 1866Rogers Agric. & Prices I. ii. 16 The hay was, as at present, cut into trusses.
†c. Applied to a person, in contempt or ridicule. Obs. rare.
1585Lupton Thous. Notable Th. (1675) 270 A Truss, a Rawbon, a Skeleton, a Doudy slut,..blinded by besotting lust, he admires all.
2. Naut. A tackle by which the centre of the yard was hauled back and secured to the mast; in mod. use extended to an iron fitting, consisting of a ring encircling the mast, with a goose-neck by which the yard is secured. Cf. truss-parrel, -rope, -tackle in 8. (The earliest use.)
1296Acc. Exch. K.R. 5/20 m. 5 In vna Corda, et vnum par de Trusses Inuentis in domo Iohannis de Pytingtone. 1336–7Acc. Exch. K.R. 19/31 m. 4 (P.R.O.) In diuersis cordis de Russhewale cum schiuis et Trussis pro vno rakke inde faciendo. Ibid. m. 5 In iiijor poleyns emptis ad eandem [galeam] pro trusses..xvj. d. 1420in For. Acc. 3 Hen. VI, F/2 dorso, j. hauser pro Prialle ropes j. hauser pro trusses. 1582N. Lichefield tr. Castanheda's Conq. E. Ind. 71 Other some vering the trusses. a1625Nomenclator Navalis (Harl. MS. 2301), Trusses are Roapes which are made faste to the Parrell of the yardes and are vsed to two vses, one to bind fast the yarde to the Mast when shee rowles either a hull or at an Anchor; the other is to hale downe the Yards in a Storme, or Gust. 1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. I, Trusses..belong to the Main-yard, Fore⁓yard and Missen. 1840R. H. Dana Bef. Mast xxvi, Running trusses on the yards. 1841― Seaman's Man. iv. 22 Lower yards are rigged now with iron trusses and quarter⁓blocks. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. s.v., The trusses or parrels of the lower yards serve to bind them to their masts, and are bowsed taut when the yards are trimmed, in order to arrest motion and friction. But the introduction of an iron goose-neck, centering and securing the yard well free of the mast, very much supersedes the use of trusses.
†3.
a. A close-fitting body-garment or jacket formerly worn by men and women; cf. trussing-bolster, trussing-coat, s.v. trussing vbl. n. 3. Obs.
1563Foxe A. & M. 1377/2 Mayster Ridley..sayd to his brother: it wer best for me to go in my trusse styll. No (quod his brother), it wyll put you to more payne: and the trusse wil dooe a poore manne good. 1585Higins Junius' Nomenclator 164/2 Strophium, a womans breast trusse or stomacher. 1591Harington Orl. Fur. xxvi. lviii, She still did weare A slender trusse beneath her womans weed. 1612Drayton Poly-olb. xii. 269 Puts off his Palmer's weede vnto his trusse, which bore The staines of ancient Armes.
b. pl. Close-fitting breeches or drawers, covering the buttocks and tops of the thighs: = trouse2.
1592Nashe P. Penilesse Wks. (Grosart) II. 31 We..of the vesture of saluation make some of vs Babies and Apes coates, others straight trusses and Diuells breeches. 1598Florio, Cotigie, leather hosen, or trusses such as our elders were woont to weare. 1631Shirley Schoole Complement i. i. C iij, Gasp. Canst be close? Gor. As..a paire of Trusses to an Irish mans buttockes.
4. A surgical appliance serving for support in cases of rupture, etc., now usually consisting of a pad with a belt or spring to produce equable pressure on the part.
1543Traheron Vigo's Chirurg. (1586) 118 Let the spunge be bounde upon a trusse, made by a good artificer. 1552Huloet, Trusse for a wrestler, or diseased body, strigil. 1580Hollyband Treas. Fr. Tong, Vne Trousseure,..a trusse as such as be broken do vse. 1601Holland Pliny xxvii. vii. II. 277 If wormewood be worne in a trusse to the bottome of the belly, it allayeth the swelling in the share. 1696Lond. Gaz. No. 3227/4 He..wears a Truss, being bursten. 1876Gross Dis. Bladder 99 Compression of the perineum with a spring truss.
5. Gardening. A compact cluster or head of flowers growing upon one stalk.
1688R. Holme Armoury ii. 70/2 These Auricula's..bear a great Truss of many flowers. 1859Darwin Orig. Spec. v. (1860) 145, I have recently observed, in some garden pelargoniums, that the central flower of the truss often loses the patches of darker colour in the two upper petals. 1885H. O. Forbes Nat. Wand. E. Archip. 108 A shrubby species of Cassia bearing large trosses of bright golden flowers.
6. a. Building, etc. A framework of timber or iron, or both, so constructed as to form a firm support for a superincumbent weight, as that of a roof or bridge.
1654in E. B. Jupp Carpenters' Co. (1887) 316 When any Chimney..shalbe sett vpon a trusse of timber That it be sett two foote 6 inches from the vpside of the trusse to the vpside of the floore. 1751C. Labelye Westm. Br. 87 The Wooden Trusses, or rather Arches under its Roof. 1840Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. III. 125/1 These bridges are built on piers far apart and formed of a truss..of continuous trellis work.
b. Arch. A projection from the face of a wall, often serving to support a cornice, etc.; a kind of large corbel or modillion.
1519W. Horman Vulg. 241 Make me a trusse (podium, suggestum, vel pulpitum) standynge out vpon gargellys that I may se about. 1812Rickman Archit. (1862) 11 A truss is a modillion enlarged, and placed flat against a wall, often used to support the cornice of doors and windows. Ibid., A Console is an ornament like a truss carved on a key-stone.
c. Ship-building. (a) See quot. 1823. (b) See quot. c 1860; also called truss-piece (see 8).
1823Crabb Technol. Dict., Truss is also the name of short pieces of carved work fitted under the taffrail, in the same manner as the terms. c1860H. Stuart Seaman's Catech. 70 The trusses are diagonal shores crossing each other, and resting against the abutments. 1874Thearle Naval Archit. 34 Besides these plate riders, a complementary set of diagonal wood internal frames, termed trusses, are fitted between the thick strakes or clamps under the orlop deck beams and the binding strake over the floor heads.
†7. Name of some game. Cf. truss-a-fail. Obs. rare—1.
1627W. Hawkins Apollo Shroving v. iv, The waues..play at trusse and at leapfrogge on one anothers backe.
8. attrib. and Comb. Of, pertaining to or constituting a truss, in sense 2, as truss-line, truss-pendant, truss-pulley, truss-rope, truss-tackle (see quots.); in sense 6, as truss centre, truss frame, truss framing, truss girder, truss post, truss rib; furnished with or supported by a truss or trusses, as truss-bridge, truss-roof; also truss-maker; truss-bound, truss-galled adjs.; truss-band Naut., one of two iron bands by which an iron truss (sense 2) is fastened to the yard; truss-beam, a beam forming part of a truss; also a beam, or iron frame used as a beam, strengthened with a tie-rod or struts, so as to form a truss; † truss-bed, ? = trussing bed (see trussing vbl. n. 3); truss-block, a block between a beam and a tie-rod in a truss, serving to keep them apart (Cent. Dict. 1891); truss-bolt, a bolt or iron rod forming part of a truss (see quot.); truss-hoop, (a) Naut. (see quot. 1867); (b) Coopering = trussing-hoop (see trussing vbl. n. 3); truss-parrel Naut., a parrel encircling a mast, forming part of or connected with a truss (sense 2); truss-partition (see quots.); truss-piece (see quot.); truss-plank, ‘in a railway passenger-car, a wide piece of timber fastened on the inside of the car to the posts of the frame directly above the sills’ (Cent. Dict.); truss-rod, a tie-rod forming part of a truss; truss-work, work consisting of trusses.
1909Cent. Dict. Suppl. (lettering of figure s.v. Truss), a, truss; b, b, *truss-bands; c, truss-parrel.
1877Knight Dict. Mech., *Truss-beam, an iron frame serving as a beam, girder, or summer; a wooden beam or frame with a tie-rod to strengthen it against deflection.
1541Test. Ebor. (Surtees) VI. 142 Towe *trusbeddes of the best.
1883Man. Seamanship for Boys' Training Ships R. Navy (Admiralty) (1886) 26 Trestletrees are two pieces of hard wood, standing fore and aft... On their after ends an eye-bolt is driven from the lower side, for attaching the *truss blocks to.
1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 563 Either with one king-bolt in the middle, or with a *truss-bolt at one-third of the length from each end.
1778W. H. Marshall Minutes Agric. 16 Jan. an. 1776, To hinder the rats from harbouring in *truss-bound straw, and gnawing the bands.
1840Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. III. 125/2 Wood for small *truss bridges.
1735J. Price Stone Br. Thames 7 A fram'd *Truss Center.
1874Thearle Naval Archit. 34 These *truss frames are the same thickness as the binding strakes, and are placed at an angle of 45 degrees in an opposite direction to the plate riders.
1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 91 A large timber,..which is supported at its ends in the side walls, and has a *truss-framing applied to the back of it, like the framing of a roof.
1679Lond. Gaz. No. 1410/4 A Cart Gelding *truss-gall'd on the sides.
1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 569 When the flooring is to be very stiff and firm, it is necessary to introduce *truss girders.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., *Truss-hoops, [or] clasp-hoops for masts or spars..are open iron hoops, so made that their ends, being let into each other, may be well fastened by means of iron wedges or forelock keys. 1877Knight Dict. Mech., Truss-hoop, one placed around a barrel to strain the staves into position.
1407Acc. Exch. K.R. 44/11(1) m. 5 dorso, ij Bowelynes, ij Stetynges debiles, ij *Truslynes debiles.
1776Court & City Reg. 167/1 *Truss⁓maker, Alexander Reid. 1824Watt Bibl. Brit., Sheldrake, Timothy..Truss-maker to the East India Company, and the Westminster Hospital.
1411Acc. Exch. K.R. 44/17 m. 2 (P.R.O.) Vn Bowespret, vn Rakke, vn *trusp[ar]aille..vn Canone de Ferre. 1485Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 39 Maine perells..j, Truss perells..j.
1823P. Nicholson Pract. Build. 595 *Truss-partition, one with a truss, generally consisting of a quadrangular frame, two braces, and two queen-posts, with a straining piece between the queen-posts, opposite the top of the braces. 1856S. C. Brees Gloss. Terms, Truss-partition, a partition in which trussing is employed as well as the regular quartering.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., *Truss-pendant, that part of a rope-truss into which the truss-tackle blocks are seized. *Truss-pieces, the fillings in between the frame compartments of the riders, in diagonal trussing.
1823P. Nicholson Pract. Build. 231 *Truss-post, any of the posts of a trussed roof.
1357in Pipe Roll 32 Edw. III, m. 34/2, j. wynding⁓rope, j. ȝerderope, ij. *trusspoliues. 1417in For. Acc. 8 Hen. V, G/1, j. slynge, iiij Trusse Polleys, j henge pulley.
1735J. Price Stone Br. Thames 7, 7 Pair of these *Truss Ribs.
1873J. Richards Wood-Working Factories 8 The *truss rods are generally in the way of the belts,..in nearly all cases it is both better and cheaper to provide strength in the girders without trussing them.
1842–76Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss., *Truss Roof, a roof formed of a tiebeam, principal rafters, king post or queen post, and other necessary timbers to carry the purlins and common rafters, etc.
1336Exch. Acc. 19/31 m. 4 (P.R.O.) Et in xx. petris cordi de canabo..pro duobus *Trusseropes inde faciendis. 1417in For. Acc. 8 Hen. V, G/1 De..ij. Prialle ropes debilibus j. Trusse rope. 1569in Richmond Wills (Surtees) 226 Two pare of trusse roips.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., *Truss-tackle, a gun-tackle purchase applied to the ends of the truss-pendants, to bowse them taut home to the mast.
1884Harper's Mag. Nov. 826/2 A triple-arch roof supported by iron *truss-work.
▪ II. † truss, a. Obs.
[attrib. use of prec. n. in similative sense; cf. trussed 1 b.]
Of a thick rounded form, like a bundle or parcel; neatly and compactly framed; tight, compact; in quot. a 1722, shrunken, shrivelled.
1674Lond. Gaz. No. 909/4 A truss well underlaid Horse. 1699W. Dampier Voy. II. ii. 62 The Tigre-Cat is about the bigness of a Bull-Dog, with short Legs, and a truss Body. 1709Lond. Gaz. No. 4608/4 A truss well set Lad, about 16 years of Age. a1722Lisle Husb. (1752) 265, I..observed the cod [of the ox] to be truss. 1825Cobbett Rur. Rides (1830) I. 85 A pretty, little, oldish, smart, truss, nice cockney-looking gentleman.
▪ III. truss, v.|trʌs|
Forms: 3–7 trusse, (3–6 trosse, 4–5 tros(e), 4–5 trus, (truse, 5 trush, trusshe), 6 trousse, trowse, 6– truss. β. Sc. 4–6 turss, 5 twrss, 6 turs, turse. Pa. tense and pple. trussed |trʌst|; also 5–7 trust, 6 truste; β. Sc. 4–6 tursit, 5 -id, -ed, 6 turst.
[ad. F. trousser, in OF. also trusser (Chanson Roland, 11th c.), trosser, torser, tourser ‘to trusse, tucke, packe up, to bind or gird up or in’ (Cotgr.) = Pr. trossar (and med.L. trossare), OSp. trossar, Sp. troxar, Pg. trouxar (Diez), of disputed etymology; referred by Diez to the late L. ppl. stem tort- or tors- of L. torquēre to twist. But the sense in the mod. langs. presents difficulties, and other derivations have been conjectured; see Diez, Littré, Scheler, Hatz.-Darm.]
1. trans. To tie in a bundle, or stow away closely in a receptacle; to bundle, pack. Also with up. (With the stuff, or the bundle or receptacle, as obj.) Now rare or Obs.
c1300Havelok 2017 He wolden..trusse al þat he mihten fynde..in arke or in kiste. 13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 1129 Þay..Tyffen her takles, trussen her males. 1375Barbour Bruce xvii. 859 He gert turss his geir. c1386Chaucer Prol. 681 But hood..wered he noon, For it was trussed vp in his walet. a1450Songs & Carols (Warton Cl.) 43 Fowre and xx good arwys trusyd in a thrumme. a1450Brut 435 The Frensshe men..trussid hir packe and went her wey. a1533Ld. Berners Huon li. 173 They shall gyue me bothe gownes and mantelles, so that thou shalt haue myche a do to truss them in my male. 1557N. T. (Genev.) Acts xxi. 15 We trussed vp our fardeles [1611 tooke vp our cariages] and went vp to Ierusalem. 1623Bingham Xenophon 69 They trussed vp their baggage, and..marched forth. 1725De Foe Voy. round World (1840) 119 A bundle of plants, such as he had trussed up together. 1861Our Eng. Home 105 Officers..whose duty it was to..truss the beds in sacks or hides.
b. fig. (See also trussed 1 b.)
c1394P. Pl. Crede 618 Of þat blissinge..Þei may trussen her part in a terre powȝe! c1425Cast. Persev. 1637 in Macro Plays 125 Þat curteys qwene.. in here was trussyd þe trinite. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xiii. 38 Sum in his toung his kyndnes tursis. 1579E. K. in Spenser's Sheph. Cal. Ded., What in most English wryters vseth to be loose,..in this Authour is well grounded, finely framed, and strongly trussed vp together. 1664Owen Vind. Animad. Fiat Lux i, Trussing up such a fardel of trifles and quibbles.
†c. To charge or burden with a bundle or pack, or a number of such; to load (a pack-horse, etc.); to lade (a ship). Obs.
a1225Ancr. R. 166 Noble men & gentile ne bereð nout packes, ne ne uareð nout itrussed mid trusseaus. 13..K. Alis. 850 (Bodl. MS.) Þe..kniȝttes..trusseden her somers And lepen vpon her destrers. c1400Destr. Troy 12313 Tho shippes to shilde o þe shyre whaghes,..And tyrn hom to takle, & trusse for the sea. a1533Ld. Berners Huon cxxx. 478 They..trussyd & newe wyttelyd theyr shyppes. 1570Levins Manip. 193/28 To Trusse, sarcinare.
d. Naut. To furl (a sail). Also absol. (? Obs.)
a1400Morte Arth. 3655 The marynerse..Of theire termys they talke, how thay ware tydd, Towyne trvsselle one trete, trvssene vpe sailes. c1400[see trussing vbl. n. 1]. c1515Cocke Lorell's B. (Percy Soc.) 12 Some wounde at y⊇ capstayne,..some dyde trusse and thrynge. 1594Greene & Lodge Looking Gl. G.'s Wks. (Rtldg.) 134 Our topsails up, we truss our spritsails in. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., Brails, ropes..fastened to the outermost leech of the sail, in different places, to truss it close up as occasion requires. Ibid., Truss up, to, to brail up a sail suddenly; to toss up a bunt.
†e. trans. and intr. To become shrunken and compact; cf. truss a., trussed 1 b. Obs. rare.
1552Huloet, Trusse vp as a cow or like best doth of milke, subducere lac. Ibid., Trused vp as a bitch, or cow is of milke, subductus. Trussed vp, to be, of milche, subducor. 1693[see trussed ppl. a. 1 b].
†2. To pack up and carry away; to convey or take with one in a pack; to carry off. (In later use only Sc.) Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 4911 Ne haue we wit us trussed noght, Bot thing þat we ha lele boght. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) viii. 30 Þam behoues also trusse þaire vitailles with þam thurgh þe forsaid desertes. 1422tr. Secreta Secret., Priv. Priv. 162 Hare golde, Syluyr, armure, and Iowell with ham thay tursid. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. (Rolls) II. 342 Tha left na gude that tha mycht turs awa. 1567Gude & Godlie B. (S.T.S.) 195 Preistis, keip no gold..Nor ȝit twa coittis with ȝow turs.
†3. intr. or absol. To pack up one's clothes, etc. in readiness for a journey: = pack v.1 2 c. Also fig. Obs.
1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 9978 Vaste he [King Philip] let trossi, to france uor to drawe. c1375Cursor M. 21115 (Fairf.) Þai bad him trusse & make him boun. 1470–85Malory Arthur xx. xviii. 829 They trussed and payd alle that wold aske hem, and holy an honderd kynghtes departed with sir launcelot. 1696–7Evelyn Let. to Bohun 18 Jan., And so you have the history of a very old man... I..am now every day trussing up to be gon.
†4. intr. To take oneself off, be off, go away, depart: = pack v.1 10 b; sometimes simply to go.
1362Langl. P. Pl. A. ii. 194 Lyȝere..nas nouȝwher welcome..Bote ouur al i-hunted and hote to trusse. c1440York Myst. xxiii. 151 A! lord, late vs no forther trus. c1518Skelton Magnyf. 1774 As for all other, let them trusse and packe. 1592Babington Notes on Gen. xii. §10 She trusseth vp and away with him whither God should appoint. 1721Ramsay Richy & Sandy 73 Let us truse and hame o'er bend.
†b. refl. in same sense: = pack v. 10 a. Obs.
a1400–50Alexander 1143 And þen he trussys hym to tyre & þar hys tentes settes. c1400Sowdone Bab. 1707 Trusse the forth eke. c1440Partonope 3692 Therto eche man trusse hym home.
†c. trans. To ‘send packing’, drive off, put to flight. Obs. rare.
c1475Partenay 2154 The Brehaignons went out thaim Faste trussing [F. destruisant]. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. ix. (S.T.S.) II. 183 Al scotis..suld be turssed away to Scotland.
5. trans. To make fast to something with or as with a cord, band, or the like; to bind, tie, fasten; † also, to put on, gird on (clothing, etc.): cf. 6. Now rare.
a1225Ancr. R. 322 Ich chulle..trussen al þi schendfulnesse o þine owune necke. 13..K. Alis. 5477 (Bodl. MS.) Þe kyng..dooþ on a Borel of a squyer,..And trusseþ a male hym bihynde. c1400Destr. Troy 5293 Teutra the true kyng was trust on a litter. 1575R. B. Appius & Virg. E ij b, Goe trusse him to a tree. 1646H. Lawrence Comm. Angells 113 They would..let him trusse on their armour. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 20 Only a Clout..trust with a String about their Waists. 1813Scott Rokeby v. xxxvi, Round his left arm his mantle truss'd, Received and foiled three lances' thrust.
b. spec. To tie the ‘points’ or laces with which the hose were fastened to the doublet. (With the hose, the points, or the person as obj.) Cf. 6. Obs. exc. Hist.
c1460J. Russell Bk. Nurture 898 Strike his hosyn vppewarde his legge..Þen trusse ye them vp strayte. c1530H. Rhodes Bk. Nurture in Babees Bk. (1868) 70 Help to araye him, trusse his poyntes, stryke vp his Hosen. 1598B. Jonson Ev. Man in Hum. i. iii, Steph. Helpe to trusse me... He dos so vexe me—. Bray. You'll be worse vex'd, when you are truss'd... Best keepe vn-brac'd. 1632Massinger Maid of Hon. i. i, In the time of trussing a point, he can undo Or make a man. 1822Scott Nigel xvii, Let me have the honour of trussing you. Now, observe, I have left several of the points untied of set purpose. 1856Doran Knights & Days ix. 139 Guy trussed his points, pulled up his hose.
6. To confine or enclose (the body, or some part of it) by something fastened closely round; to bind or tie up; to gird; to fasten up (the hair) with ribbon, pins, combs, etc.; to adjust and draw close the garments of (a person); hence contemptuously in reference to dress. Also with up. (Cf. 5 b.) ? Obs.
1340[see trussing vbl. n. 1]. c1440Promp. Parv. 504/2 Trussyn, and byndyn, as menn done soore lymys, fascio. 1560Bible (Genev.) Jer. i. 17 Trusse vp thy loynes. 1610G. Fletcher Christ's Vict. i. lxv, Now she would sighing sit,..in sack cloth trust. 1712Budgell Spect. No. 277 ⁋7 How ridiculously..we have all been trussed up.., and how infinitely the French Dress excels ours. 1736Ainsworth Lat. Dict. (1783) i, To truss up the hair of one's head, caesariem, vel comam, in nodum colligere. 1833J. Holland Manuf. Metal II. 32 The combs used by the lower class of females for trussing their hair.
†b. To insert closely, to tuck. Obs.
1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. xvii. 18 Bitwene the saddyll and the pannell, they trusse a brode plate of metall. a1550in Archæologia IV. 313 To trusse the endes of the said sheete under every end of the bolster. 1638J. Guillim Heraldry iii. xx. (ed. 3) 231 Fowles having long shankes doe (in their flight) stretch forth their legges..; but such as are short legged doe trusse their feet to the middest of their bodies. 1651tr. De-las-Coveras' Don Fenise 114 This woman..trussing up her garment turned her legs into wings and fled.
7. To fasten up on a gallows or cross, to hang as a criminal; to ‘string up’. (Chiefly with up.) arch.
1536Remedy Sedition B iij b, He was forthwith truste vppe. 1600Holland Livy xxviii. xxxvii. 696 He commanded them to be roundly trussed up and crucified [cruci affigi]. 1618Bolton Florus iii. xix. (1636) 234 He bound the remaynes of those strong theeves in chaines..and trussed them on gallowses. a1721Prior Vicar of Bray & Sir T. Moor 426 To be trussed up..as a Traytor. 1818Scott Hrt. Midl. xxiii, If they must truss me, I will repent of nothing so much..as of the injury I have done my Lily. 1882Stevenson Fam. Stud. Men & Bks., Villon (1905) 162 How or when he died, whether decently in bed or trussed up to a gallows, remains a riddle.
†b. intr. for pass. To be hanged: cf. to hang.
1592Arden of Feversham iii. vi, If thou beest tainted..And come in question, surely, thou wilt trusse. 1601F. Godwin Bps. of Eng. 275 The halter was..about the yoong mans necke and he euen ready to trusse.
8. To fasten the wings or legs of (a fowl or other animal) to the body with skewers or otherwise, in preparation for cooking.
[c1450Two Cookery-bks. 81 Take a kydde..fle him, and larde him, and trusse his legges in þe sides, and roste him.] 1704Swift Batt. Bks. Misc. (1711) 266 As when a skilful Cook has truss'd a Brace of Woodcocks. 1796H. Glasse Cookery v. 90 Take a fat pig,..slit and truss him up like a lamb. 1846J. Baxter's Libr. Pract. Agric. II. 221 The Higgler's method of Killing, Picking, and Trussing Fowls.
b. transf.
1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 9 The patient must..make the shoulder blades meet by trussing back the elbows.
9. Of a bird of prey: To seize or clutch (the prey) in its talons; spec. to seize (the quarry) in the air and carry it off. arch. (and Her.) Also fig.
1567Golding Ovid's Met. vi. (1593) 144 As when the scarefull erne With hooked talents trussing up a hare among the ferne, Hath laid her in his nest. 1575Turberv. Falconrie 50 If shee strike hir or stoupe hir or trusse hir then suffer hir to kill it. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. xi. 19 As hagard hauke..His wearie pounces all in vaine doth spend To trusse the pray too heavy for his flight. 1649G. Daniel Trinarch., Hen. IV ccxxxiv, A young Eagle..rather Chus'd..at Armed Cranes to flye; Or trusse a farr-seen Swan. 1667Dryden Maiden Queen iii. i, So—at last he has truss'd his Quarry. 1742Somerville Field Sports 210 The vigorous hawk..Truss'd in mid-air bears down her captive prey. 1864Boutell Her. Hist. & Pop. xvii. §2 (ed. 3) 274 A cormorant trussing a fish all ppr. 1867J. B. Rose tr. Virgil's æneid 266 So stoops the bird of Jove..To truss the snowy swan or dusky hare. 1883Harting Perf. Bk. Kepinge Sparhawkes Gloss. 49 Truss, to clutch the quarry in the air instead of striking it to the ground. 1910Radcliffe in Encycl. Brit. X. 143/1 A hawk is said to ‘truss’ a bird when she catches it in the air, and comes to the ground with it in her talons.
transf.1470–85Malory Arthur xiv. vi. 649 The lyon took his lytel whelp and trussed hym, and bare hym there he came fro. 1855Browning Fra Lippo 88 The wind doubled me up, and down I went. Old Aunt Lapaccia trussed me with one hand.
10. To tighten up (a bell) on its stock after it has worked loose. ? Obs.
1468–1540 [see trussing vbl. n. 1]. 1545Churchw. Acc. St. Dunstan's, Canterb., For yerone [iron] worke to trowse the bellys xij d. 1622–3in Swayne Sarum Churchw. Acc. (1896) 175 For newe Trussinge the 2 3 4 and 5 bells, 5 s.
11. To compress the staves of (a cask) into the required shape and position by means of a trussing-hoop (see trussing vbl. n. 3).
1535Coverdale Jer. xlviii. 12, I shall sende hir trussers to trusse her vp, to prepare and season hir vessels. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 108/1 Trussing a Barrel, is putting it together from Boards or Staves within a Hoop. 1883Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 83 Apparatus for heating casks before being trussed.
12. Building, etc.
a. truss over: see quot. ? Obs.
1703T. N. City & C. Purchaser 109 Instead of Arching, they truss-over, or over-span, as they phrase it, i.e. they lay the end of one Brick about half way over the end of another, and so, till both sides meet within half a Bricks length, and then a bonding Brick at the top finishes the Arch. Ibid. 198 A kind of Bench,..upon which they lay the largest Stones, and so truss them over,..after the manner of Clamps for Bricks.
b. To support or strengthen with a truss (n. 6).
1823[see trussing vbl. n. 1]. 1847Smeaton Builder's Man. 77 It is not necessary to truss all the rafters in a roof. 1889Daily News 15 July 6/3 This new safety ladder, securely trussed on springs and wheels. |
