| 释义 |
▪ I. methylate, n. Chem.|ˈmɛθɪleɪt|
[Formed as methylic: see -ate1.]
A salt formed by the union of methyl with oxygen and a metallic base.
1835Kane in Rep. Brit. Assoc., Sections 42 The sulphomethylate of potash. 1865Watts Dict. Chem. III. 1002 Methylate of ethylene. 1880Athenæum 27 Nov. 713/1 Aluminic methylate.
▪ II. methylate, v. Chem.|ˈmɛθɪleɪt|
[f. methyl + -ate.]
trans. To introduce one or more methyl groups into (a compound or group); usually, to mix (spirit of wine) with such a quantity of pyroxylic spirit or some other substance as will render it unfit for drinking, so as to exempt it from the duties imposed in Great Britain and other countries upon alcohol. Hence ˈmethylated ppl. a.; methyˈlation, the process of methylating; ˈmethylator, one who methylates.
methylated spirit, containing about ten per cent. of pyroxylic spirit, is the form in which alcohol is most commonly employed for industrial purposes; also ellipt.
1861Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XIII. 324 These crystals were not analysed, but there can be no doubt that they were the methylated phosphorus-urea of the allyl-series. c1865J. Wylde in Circ. Sci. I. 63/2 Each lens should..be..washed..with spirits of wine (not methylated spirits, because these contain a resin in solution). 1866Roscoe Elem. Chem. 334 Each of these methylated benzols yields an important series of derivatives. 1880Act 43 & 44 Vict. c. 24 §3 ‘Methylate’ means to mix spirits with some substance in such manner as to render the mixture unfit for use as a beverage. Ibid. §83 Spirits warehoused may..be delivered out, without payment of duty, for methylation. Ibid. §126 A retailer..must not receive methylated spirits except from an authorised methylator. 1880Friswell in Jrnl. Soc. Arts 444 This inference, was that the methylated derivatives of roseine could be obtained by the oxidation of the methylated derivatives of aniline. Ibid. 445 The violets obtained by the methylation of rosaniline. 1888Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LIII. 778 An attempt was made to methylate acetyl-metanitranilide by the action of sodium ethylate and methyl iodide. 1912D. H. Lawrence Let. 2 Sept. (1962) I. 142 We take rucksacks..with food and methylated, cook our meals by some stream. 1917Jrnl. Chem. Soc. CXI. 848 Experiments have proved the wide scope of the use of formaldehyde for methylating amino-compounds. 1929Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LI. 2535 We have found methyl bromide to be a satisfactory methylating agent with both malonic ester and acetoacetic ester. 1938Mrs. Belloc Lowndes Let. 29 Sept. (1971) 165, I also got..rather more methylated, rice and matches than usual. 1967I. L. Finar Org. Chem. (ed. 5) I. xxvi. 683 Veratrole..may be prepared by methylating catechol with methyl sulphate in alkaline solution. |
