| 释义 |
▪ I. slice, n.1|slaɪs|
Forms: α. 4 sclyce, 5 sclice; 4, 7 sclise, 5 sclys(e, 6 Sc. sclyise; 5–6 sklyce, sklyse (6 -ss), 5, 7 sklice, 6–7 sklise. β. 5–7 slyce (6 slyese), 6 slise, 5– slice.
[ad. OF. esclice, esclisse (mod.F. éclisse) splinter, shiver, small piece (of wood, etc.), vbl. n. f. esclicer: see slice v.1]
I.
†1. A fragment, a shiver, a splinter. Obs.
13..K. Alis. 3833 (Laud MS.), Hij braken speres alto slice [v.r. sclyces]. c1425Wyntoun Cron. viii. xxxi. 5153 A sklysse of þe schaft, þat brak, In til his hande a wounde can mak. 1577–87Holinshed Chron., Hist. Scotl. I. 278/1 This worthie prince James the second was slaine by the slice of a great peece of artillerie, which by ouercharging chanced to breake. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. II. 102 At last in Paris, standing besyd a singular combatt, [the duke] is slane with a sklyse of a speir.
2. a. A relatively thin, flat, broad piece cut from anything. Freq. const. of or from.
c1420Liber Cocorum (1862) 48 In hom þou cast With sklices of bacon. 15..Christ's Kirk 133 in Bann. MS. 286 Fra his thowme thay dang a sklyss. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 752 If it be a wound hee healeth it after the same manner, applying a round slice of Beauers stones. 1700Dryden Ovid's Met., Baucis & Phil. 65 High o'er the hearth a chine of bacon hung; Good old Philemon seiz'd it.., Then cut a slice. 1728Chambers Cycl. s.v. Veneering, The Wood intended for Veneering, is first saw'd out into Slices, or Leaves about a Line thick. 1811Knox & Jebb Corr. II. 42 Having..taken a slice off my right thumb, whilst pruning a rose tree. 1859W. S. Coleman Woodland, Heaths & H. (1866) 10 A transverse slice from the trunk of an immense tree. 1888Rutley Rock-Forming Min. 37 A parallel-faced slice of a uniaxial crystal is cut.
ellipt.a1764Lloyd Dial. betw. Author & Friend Wks. (1810) 109/1 Whether the Grecians took a slice Four times a-day, or only twice. 1780Cowper Love World reproved 36 Each thinks his neighbour makes too free, Yet likes a slice as well as he.
fig.1796Grose's Dict. Vulgar T. (ed. 3), To take a slice, to intrigue, particularly with a married woman. 1818Scott Rob Roy vi, We hae nae slices o' the spare rib here..except auld Martha.
b. Geol. A relatively thin, broad mass of rock situated between two approximately parallel thrust faults, esp. when these make a small angle with the horizontal. Also thrust slice.
1914Peach & Horne Guide Geol. Model Assynt Mts. 18 The slices of strata thus repeated have been driven westwards by major thrusts along planes which truncate the overlying reversed faults. 1942M. P. Billings Structural Geol. xvii. 327 Surrounding the basin is a zone..of outwardly-driven thrust slices. In still another zone..rootless slices and isolated blocks of various slices are common. 1957Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. CXIII. 59 They occur..as infolds, and slices brought up along the Strathconon tear-fault. 1969Bennison & Wright Geol. Hist. Brit. Isles iii. 46 In it [sc. the Laxfordian orogeny] are found fragments of earlier orogenic belts brought up as thrust slices.
c. Electronics. A small, thin slab of semiconducting material on which circuit elements have been formed.
1964Proc. IEEE LII. 1713 (heading) Evolution of the concept of a computer on a slice. 1975Sci. Amer. May 36/2 National Semiconductor..introduced a four-bit PMOS slice that could be used as a modular unit in the design of machines ranging from four to 32 bits.
3. transf.
a. A portion, share, piece, part, etc.
1550Crowley Information & Petit. Wks. 171 None can be buried but they wyl haue a slyese. 1622Fletcher Span. Cur. iii. ii, A short slice of a Reading serves us, Sir. 1689Burnet Trav. ii. (1730) 89 A Slice of the Alps came down upon it, and buried it quite. 1743Walpole Corr. (1820) I. lxxx. 284 Your brother slipped a slice of paper into a letter which he sent me. 1857Hughes Tom Brown i. i, A fellow..who has spent a good slice of his life here. 1876Holland Seven Oaks xxiv. 332 A heavy slice of his ready money had been practically swept out of existence. 1893Peel Spen Valley 55 A considerable slice of that side of the township.
b. slice of life [tr. F. tranche de la vie, a term orig. applied to French Naturalist literature: see quot. 1890], a realistic and detailed portrayal in drama, narrative, painting, etc., of incidents typical of everyday life. Freq. (usu. with hyphens) attrib.
[1890J. Jullien in Art et Critique 9 Aug. 500/2 Ce n'est donc qu'une tranche de la vie que nous pouvons mettre à la scène.] 1895G. B. Shaw in Sat. Rev. 19 Oct. 503/1 The substitution of a homogeneous slice of life for the old theatrical sandwich of sentiment and comic relief. 1914H. James in Times Lit. Suppl. 19 Mar. 134/4 The Orgreaves..come..as near squaring aesthetically with the famous formula of the ‘slice of life’ as any example that could be adduced. 1938R. G. Collingwood Princ. Art p. v, We have..a new drama, taking the place of the old ‘slice of life’ entertainment, in which the author's chief business was to represent everyday doings of ordinary people as the audience believed them to behave. 1954M. Ewer Heart Untouched ix. 154 This is a costume picture, not a slice-of-life drama. 1962Listener 14 June 1028/2 The pure landscape, the still life, the ‘slice of life’, the painting for painting's sake, is a late development. 1976National Observer (U.S.) 4 Dec. 20/3 Mrs McFarland is one of the just-folks who appeared in one of those slice-of-life commercials. 1981Daily Tel. 19 Feb. 13/1 Yet another indigestible slice of life about ‘a warm, winning, and wise and wonderful Jewish family’.
II.
†4.
a. A spatula used for stirring and mixing compounds. Obs.
c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 347 Meue hem wiþ a sclise longe, for þe more þat þei ben stirid togidere þe bettir it wole be. a1425tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula, etc. 31 Moue þam all wayse wiþ a sklyse þat þai cleue not to þe panne. 1558Warde tr. Alexis' Secr. (1568) 62 b, Sturrynge them with a broade sklyse of woode. 1580Blundevil Horsemanship iv. xxxiv. 16 b, Stirre them continuallie with a flat sticke, or slice, vntill they be throughlie mingled..togither. 1601Holland Pliny II. 520 Calcin it ouer the fire in a pan, stirring and mixing it together with little slices or pot⁓stickes. 1686W. Harris tr. Lemery's Course Chem. (ed. 3) 220 Dry it by a small fire of Sand, stirring it with an Ivory or Wooden slice.
†b. (See quots.) Obs.
1611Cotgr., Espatule, a (Chirurgions, or Apothecaries) little slice. 1627Hakewill Apol. i. i. §5 The Pellican hath a beake broade and flat, much like the slice of Apothecaries and Surgions, with which they spread their plaisters.
5. One or other of several flattish utensils (sometimes perforated) used for various purposes in cookery, etc. (see quots., and cf. egg-, fish-slice).
α1459Paston Lett. I. 490 Item, j. fryeyng panne, j. sclyse. 1548Elyot, Spatha,..also an instrument of the kytchen to turne meate that is fried, a sklise. 1611Cotgr., Friquette, a lingell, smalle sklice, little scummer.
βa1529Skelton E. Rumming 409 A fryinge pan, and a slyce. 1605Plat Delightes for Ladies liv, You must also haue a brasen slice to scrape away the sugar from the hanging bason. 1688Holme Armoury iii. 317/1 A Slice..to cut Dough into pieces, called a Beater, a Break. Ibid. 396/1 A long piece of Wood cut after the manner of a Slice which Deary-women use about their Butter. 1814tr. Klaproth's Trav. Cauc. 131 An iron pot.., together with a large perforated iron slice. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Slice,..a spatula for serving cooked fish. a1887Cassell's Dict. Cookery 201 Take the eggs out carefully with a small slice.
6. A form of fire-shovel; also, an instrument for clearing the bars of a furnace when choked with clinkers.
α1465Priory of Finchale (Surtees) 299, j quarell mell, j bochyng axs, j sclys. 1555Ludlow Churchw. Acc. (Camden) 60 Paid for a sklyce to cary fyer to the churche. 1601Holland Pliny xxxiii. viii, Lay a peece of silver ore upon a sclise, plate, or firepan of yron red hot.
β1612in Antiquary Jan. (1906) 28 In the Kytchin..a fire slyce, two fire shovells [etc.]. 1677Moxon Mech. Exerc. i. 8 You must with the Slice clap the Coals upon the outside close together. 1750T. R. Blanckley Naval Expos. 153 Slices are used by the Smiths to clear and keep their Fire together. 1835Hawthorne Tales & Sk., Old Wom. T. (1879) 178 It was a sort of iron shovel (by housewifes termed a ‘slice’), such as is used in clearing the oven. 1879Spons' Encycl. Manuf. I. 291 The workman with his ‘slice’ then spreads the charge over the bed, so as to thoroughly expose every portion to the action of the flames.
7. A flattish instrument, implement, etc., of various kinds (see quots.).
1483Cath. Angl. 322/2 A Sclice, vertinella, est forceps medici, spatula. 1541Extr. Aberdeen Reg. (1844) I. 176 Ane stuffin sclyise, with ane yeirning sclyise. 1580Blundevil Horsemanship iv. cx. 51 Then with a flat slice of iron, loosen the skin within from the flesh. 1611Bible Lev. ii. 5 A meate offering baken in a panne [marg. on a flat plate or slice]. 1665Pepys Diary 16 Mar., Two large silver candlesticks and snuffers, with a slice to keep them upon. 1707Mortimer Husb. (1721) II. 126 Then with a slice, without digging, you may force off all the under Slips. 1712Lond. Gaz. No. 4960/3 A sliver Slice to fold Paper. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2207/2 Slice..2. (Nautical.) a. A bar with a chisel or spear-shaped end, used for stripping off sheathing or planking. b. A spade-shaped tool used in flensing whales. 1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. IV. 112/1 One of the workmen detaches the adhering crystals [of lead] by means of a long iron bar shaped at the end like a chisel, called a slice.
8. Printing.
a. An ink-knife (cf. ink-slice).
1683Moxon Mech. Exerc., Printing x. ⁋11 The Slice is a little thin Iron Shovel about three or four Inches broad, and five Inches long; it hath a Handle to it. 1688Holme Armoury iii. xxi. (Roxb.) 257/2 He beareth Argent, a Printers Slice, Sable. 1808C. Stower Printer's Gramm. 336 The Brayer and Slice. 1888Jacobi Printers' Vocab. 126 Slice, a flat wide iron knife used for lifting ink out of the can.
b. The sliding bottom of a slice-galley.
1683Moxon Mech. Exerc., Printing v, The three Sides of the Frame..stand about three fifth parts of the height of the Letter above the superficies of the Slice. Ibid. xxii. ⁋6 He..draws the Slice with the Page upon it, out of the Galley. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 936/1 The galley sometimes has a groove to admit a false bottom, called a galley-slice.
9. Ship-building. (See quot. 1846.)
17911st Rep. Comm. Woods & Forests (1792) App. xxix. 143 The old Method..of launching Ships on a Curve Line, with short Bulgeways, and Slices under each end of them. 1846A. Young Naut. Dict. 285 Slices, in shipbuilding, tapered pieces of wood driven between the bilgeways, etc., preparatory to launching a vessel. 1884J. Peake's Naval Archit. (ed. 5) 233 Large wedges called slices..are placed inside and outside of the bilgeways.
10. attrib., as slice-bar, -galley (see quots.).
1846A. Young Naut. Dict. 285 A slice or *slice bar also means a bar of iron with a sharp end, used to strip off sheathing, ceiling, etc. 1874Raymond Statist. Mines & Mining 40 The straight grate-bars also clog with this coal, and the fireman has to use his slice bar liberally. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Slice-bar, a hooked poker for removing slag and cinders from grate-bars of furnaces.
Ibid., *Slice-galley, a galley having a movable false bottom or slice. 1896De Vinne Moxon's Mech. Exerc., Printing 407 Each compositor to make up his matter on a slice-galley.
▪ II. slice, n.2|slaɪs|
[f. slice v.1]
1. A sharp cut, a slash. rare.
1611Cotgr., Taillure,..a slice, cut, slit, slash, &c.
2. Golf and Tennis. A slicing stroke. Cf. slice v.1 5.
1886Hutchinson Hints Golf 27 The cut, or slice, is put on the ball by stretching the arms to their full length..as the club is raised [etc.]. 1890― Golf (Badm.) 204 It is not this slice, but the slice from above downwards, which causes both the high loft and the back spin with its dead fall. 1969New Yorker 14 June 47/3 He hits a slice so hard and with such sharp placement, close to the sideline, that the ball jumps cleanly past Graebner's racquet for a service ace. 1971Laver & Collins Educ. Tennis Player xi. 144 My slice (a left-hander's) will move to a right-hander's backhand, and that's convenient.
▪ III. slice, v.1|slaɪs|
Forms: α. 5 sklyce, 5, Sc. 9 sklice, 6 sclyce, 7 sklise. β. 6 slyse, slies-, 6–7 slyce, slise, 6– slice.
[ad. OF. esclicer, esclisser, etc. (mod.F. éclisser), to reduce to splinters or pieces, ad. OHG. slîzan: see slite v. In later use perh. partly from slice n.1]
1. a. trans. To cut into slices; to cut into or through with a sharp instrument.
c1420Liber Cocorum (1862) 43 Take befe and sklice hit fayre and thynne. Ibid., Þenne take þy rost, and sklyce hit clene. 1551Turner Herbal i. (1568) 150 The roote is sliced and layd up as Scilla is. 1593Nashe Christ's T. Wks. (Grosart) IV. 112 Loe there goes the woman shall they say, that hath slyced & eaten her owne sonne. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 124 He would haue sliced his body into as many parts as there be dayes in a yeare. 1648Winyard Midsummer-Moon 1 Dido, with his hide, might have had ground enough for her Carthage without slicing it into leashes. 1747–96H. Glasse Cookery v. 76 Slice a French roll thin, peel and slice a very large onion, pare and slice three or four turnips. 1769Mrs. Raffald Eng. Housekpr. (1778) 259 Slice a penny loaf as thin as possible. 1836–9Todd's Cycl. Anat. II. 503/1 The coagulum is first to be sliced in thin pieces with a sharp knife. 1867J. Hogg Microse. i. iii. 213 Cells..may be made of vulcanite by slicing tubing made of this material. 1897G. Allen Typewriter Girl xix. 205 Shops where red water-melons, sliced open,..adorn the slabs.
b. transf. and fig.
c1500Little Gest of Robin Hood ccxcii, Thryes Robyn shot about, And alway slist the wand. 1594Nashe Dido 1181 Abourd, abourd,..And slice the Sea with sable coloured ships. 1601Weever Mirr. Mart. E iij, Ship slice the sea. 1605Sylvester Du Bartas ii. iii. iii. Law 343 Through their skin With scourges slyc't, must their bare bones be seen. 1690T. Burnet Theory Earth iv. v. 162 Ambitious Princes and Tyrants, that slice the Earth amongst them. 1860W. H. Russell Diary India I. 55 Our sharp bow sliced the blue depths.
Comb.1591Sylvester Du Bartas i. iii. 564 The winding Rivers bordered all their banks With slice-Sea [= sea-slicing] Aldars.
c. In colloq. phr. no matter how (or whichever way, etc.) you slice it: however you look at it. orig. and chiefly U.S.
1936C. Sandburg People, Yes 160 No matter how thick or how thin you slice it it's still baloney. 1941Wodehouse Berlin Broadcasts in Performing Flea (1961) i. 261 Slice it where you like, it is still a German prison camp. 1968J. Sangster Touchfeather xvii. 198 Whichever way you sliced it, I had absolutely nothing on Roger Gerastan except what I had guessed. 1979‘A. Hailey’ Overload iii. xii. 257 Whichever way you slice it,..Cameron Clarke has done our cause a lot of harm.
2. a. To cut out or off in the form of a slice or slices; to remove with a clean cut.
c1550H. Rhodes Bk. Nurture in Babees Bk. 76 Of bread, slyce out fayre morsels to put into your pottage. 1582Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 24 Soom doe slise owt collops on spits yeet quirilye trembling. 1607Heywood Wom. Killed w. Kindn. (1617) H ij, Heere's a knife, To saue mine honor, shal slice out my life. c1645Howell Lett. i. i. xix, They then slic'd off his Ears. 1755Smollett Quix. i. iv. iii. (1803) II. 39 That ferocious adversary of yours, whose proud head I hope to slice off. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. xvi. 111 One side of the pyramid had been sliced off. 1885Manch. Weekly Times Suppl. 20 June 4/3 To lay the leather face downward..and slice away the back of it with a sharp..knife. 1892Zangwill Bow Myst. 44 A door panel sliced out and replaced was also put forward.
fig.1608R. Armin Nest Ninn. (1880) 51 Not sparing any price to please appetite, though the edge of it slice from the bosome of good old Abraham, very heauen it selfe. 1629Z. Boyd Last Battell 1016 By years, dayes, and houres, our life is Continuallie cut and sklised away. 1874Sayce Compar. Philol. ii. 76 One would slice off a letter at the end of a word.
b. To remove by means of a slice.
1683Moxon Mech. Exerc. Printing xxiv. ⁋11 He Slices the whole mass of Inck into the farthermost corner of the Inck-block. 1884C. G. W. Lock Workshop Rec. Ser. iii. 354/2 A workman keeps stirring the lead, and ‘slicing’, or freeing from the sides, the portions setting on them.
3. a. intr. To cut cleanly or easily. Also transf.
1605Sylvester Du Bartas ii. iii. iii. Law 537 Boats do slide, where Ploughs did slice of late. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. (1638) 334 A Cuttan; an Indian sword which slices easily. 1853Dickens Bleak Ho. x, He stands..snipping and slicing at sheepskin. 1910Blackw. Mag. Apr. 540/1 He watched the saw slice to the heart of a mighty spruce.
b. To use a slice or fire-shovel.
1893Westm. Gaz. 22 Feb. 8/2 They throw coal on and slice and rake until the ship shakes beneath them.
4. trans. To make (a way) by slicing.
1872Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 499 Knights, who sliced a red life-bubbling way Thro' twenty folds of twisted dragon.
5. Golf. To hit (the ball) in such a manner that it flies or curves off to the right. Also absol. Also in other sports, to make a sharp stroke across a ball rather than straight on it, causing it to be propelled forward at an angle (on purpose or unintentionally); in Lawn Tennis, etc., to impart spin or swing in this manner. Cf. chop v.1 7 d, e.
1890Hutchinson Golf (Badm.) 104 It is..advisable in such circumstances..to play to slice the ball. Ibid. 178 We slice when instead of sweeping along the line of fire, we draw the club towards ourselves across it. 1894Times 28 Apr. 13/3 Approaching the fifth Mr. Laidlay sliced his drive. 1905H. A. Vachell Hill xii. 255 Scaife has been transformed into a tremendous human machine, inexorably cutting and slicing, pulling and drawing. 1954J. B. G. Thomas On Tour 68 Birt, normally the safest of place kickers, made his mark, only for the ball to be sliced towards the corner flag. 1969New Yorker 14 June 61/2 He'll slice. He'll lob. 1976J. Snow Cricket Rebel 63 Alan Smith..started to hit out boldly, slicing the ball repeatedly over and through the covers.
▸ trans.to slice and dice. a. To cut up (food) finely or thoroughly, esp. into cubes; (hence) to attack (a person) viciously with a sharp weapon, to mutilate. Also intr.
1941Times 20 Jan. 7/6 Cook two or three good sized potatoes... Slice and dice neatly. 1981Washington Post (Nexis) 26 Dec. d5 Cole slices and dices with a sword, bow and arrow, sharp stars, caltrops and tegakis (don't worry what they mean—they hurt). 1991Premiere Dec. 133/2 You just have to be tired of seeing scantily or even entirely unclad bimbos sliced and diced, flayed, bloodied, beheaded, chewed up, shot, stabbed, punctured, etc., by guys. 2002N.Y. Times 20 Oct. f3/1 An onion is nature's idea of a tear-gas grenade... Once it is sliced and diced, cell walls are broken, and chemicals mix to form a real tear-jerker of a compound.
b. With non-material object: to divide up or rearrange the component elements of; to analyse on a very detailed basis or in a number of different ways.
1983InfoWorld 28 Nov. 186 The personal-computer market, sliced and diced by no less than a dozen market-research companies, is supposed to grow at better than 40% a year. 1985Life (Nexis) Feb. 19 He can slice and dice an issue eleven different ways. 1989C. S. Murray Crosstown Traffic vii. 167 [His] ability to slice-and-dice a 4/4 beat a different way every time made him one of the most copied guitarists of the sixties. 2000Wall St. Jrnl. 18 Sept. r36/3 The ability to slice and dice data on customers in just about any way conceivable..is a powerful incentive.
▪ IV. † slice, v.2 Hawking. Obs.
Also 5 sclise, sklyse, 6 slyse.
[ad. OF. esclicier, esclisser, etc. (mod.F. éclisser), to squirt, splash.]
1. intr. Of birds: To mute, so that the fæces are ejected to some distance. Also transf.
c1450Bk. Hawking in Reliq. Antiq. I. 296 Ye schull say that your hawke mutith and not sclisith. 1486Bk. St. Albans, Hawking a vj b, Ye shall say yowre hawke mutessith or mutith and not sklysith. 1575[see mute v.1]. 1600Surflet Countrie Farme vii. xliii. 706 Porkes flesh giuen them warme with a little Aloes, maketh the bird loose and to slice out readily. 1651Fuller Abel Rediv., Cranmer 226 As the Herneshaw when unable by maine strength to grapple with the Hawke, doth Slice upon her. 1710Acc. Last Distemper Tom Whigg i. 5 The Criminal had sliced immoderately on the Sign of the Old Bishop's Head in Lambeth.
2. trans. To eject in muting.
1628Wither Brit. Rememb. 3 Our Herneshawes, slicing backward filth on those, Whose worths they dare not openly oppose. |
