| 释义 |
▪ I. † disˈable, a. Obs.
[dis- 10.]
Unable; incapable; impotent.
14..Certain Balades, Lenuoy (R.), Consider that my conning is disable To write to you. 1598Drayton Heroic. Ep., Rich. II. to Isabel, As my disable and unworthy Hand Never had Power, belonging to command. 1615Markham Eng. Housew. Pref., This imperfect offer may come to you weak and disable. 1649Jer. Taylor Gt. Exemp. ii. Add. §12. 98 To forgive debts to disable persons, to pay debts for them.
▪ II. disable, v.|dɪsˈeɪb(ə)l|
Also 5 dysable, 6–7 dishable.
[f. dis- 8 + able a.]
1. trans. To render unable or incapable; to deprive of ability, physical or mental, to incapacitate. Const. from, formerly to, for, or with inf.
1548Gest Pr. Masse 89 Lesse hys fyrst offering..be dishabled to the ful contentation of syn. 1574J. Dee in Lett. Lit. Men (Camden) 34 My father was dishabled for leaving unto me due mayntenance. a1602W. Perkins Cases Consc. (1619) 328 Immoderate excesse, whereby we are vtterly disabled from these..duties. a1627W. Sclater Romans IV (1650) 127 We are wilfully disabled to performance. 1772–84Cook Voy. (1790) IV. 1534 Incumbered by many garments..which must disable them to exert their strength in the day of battle. 1848Hampden Bampt. Lect. Introd. (ed. 3) 20 Men..are disabled from understanding what they have been taught to condemn. 1885Ld. Selborne in Law Rep. 28 Ch. Div. 361 The Plaintiff..by selling the property..disables himself from doing that which by his pleadings he offers to do.
b. spec. To render (a man, animal, ship, etc.) incapable of action or use by physical injury or bodily infirmity; to cripple.
1491Caxton Vitas Patr. (W. de W. 1495) ii. 204 b/1, I am all dysabled of my membres. 1583Stanyhurst Aeneis ii. (Arb.) 63 Thee Gods thee cittye dishable. a1600Shakes. Sonn. lxvi, Strength by limping sway disabled. 1606G. W[oodcocke] tr. Hist. Ivstine 576 His continual sicknes..was like to dishable the gouernment and sway of so high a place. 1712Hearne Collect (Oxf. Hist. Soc.) III. 296 My writeing hand hath been disabled by a sprain. 1745P. Thomas Jrnl. Anson's Voy. 283 A Wound in his Breast by a Musket-ball..disabled him at present. c1790Willock Voy. 56 We were struck by a sea, which totally disabled us. 1893Weekly Notes 85/2 A member being permanently disabled by an accident.
†c. To injure, impair, or render less able in some capacity; to deprive of the use of (some faculty, power, or possession). Const. in, of. Obs.
1604Jas. I Counterbl. (Arb.) 110 How you are by this custome disabled in your goods. 1622Malynes Anc. Law-Merch. 435 All things that depriue or disable the debtor in any of these, do weaken and lessen his meanes. 1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 292 He..disabled them of sixteen thousand good horses.
2. spec. To incapacitate legally; to pronounce legally incapable; to hinder or restrain (any person or class of persons) from performing acts or enjoying rights which would otherwise be open to them; to disqualify.
1485in Paston Lett. No. 883. III. 316 Piers, Bisshop of Exeter..with other dyvers his rebelles and traytours disabled and atteynted by the..High Court of Parlement. 1524in Vicary's Anatomie (1888) App. iii. 156 Doctour Bentley & doctour Yakesley..examyners Admytted to hable or disable suche as practise phisik & Surgery in London. 1612Davies Why Ireland, etc. (1747) 105 The Irish were disabled to bring any action at the Common Lawe. 1632Star Chamb. Cases (Camden) 111 Mr Tuke the elder was fyned 100li for this contempt, and to be imprisoned and disabled in their testimony for ever. 1637Decree Star Chamb. §19 in Milton's Areop. (Arb.) 18 Vpon paine of being for euer disabled of the vse of a Presse or printing-house. 1678Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) I. 4 An act..disabling papists from sitting in either house of parliament. 1700Ibid. IV. 673 Papists, by the Act of Settlement, are disabled to inherit the crown. 1862Ld. Brougham Brit. Const. xvii. 274 Statutory provisions disabling the Judges from sitting in the House of Commons.
3. To pronounce incapable; hence, to disparage, depreciate, detract from, belittle; refl. to depreciate one's own competence or fitness for an appointment or honour (chiefly as a conventional tribute to modesty). arch. or Obs.
a1529Skelton Replyc. 26 Our glorious lady to disable And heinously on her to bable. c1555Harpsfield Divorce Hen. VIII (1878) 92 That..presume so far to disable..disgrace and infame this marriage. 1600Shakes. A.Y.L. iv. i. 34 Farewell Monsieur Traueller:..disable all the benefits of your owne Countrie: be out of loue with your natuitie. 1619Crt. & Times Jas I (1849) II. 142 He disabled himself divers ways, but specially, that he thought himself unworthy to sit in that place. 1709Strype Ann. Ref. I. xxvi. 294 When Sir Edward Rogers..had recommended him to the house to be their speaker, and Williams [the speaker recommended] had disabled himself, Cecil..required him to take the place. 1763[see disabling ppl. a.]
†4. To make or pronounce of no force or validity.
1552Huloet, Disable, or refuse, or reiect, ocquinisco. 1584R. Scot Discov. Witchcr. ii. iii. 18 The depositions of manie women at one instant are disabled as insufficient in lawe. 1598Hakluyt Voy. I. 221 (R.) Neither meane I to auouch..ne to disable or confute those thinges which..have beene reported. 1665Glanvill Scepsis Sci. 53 Some few of whose charges against Aristotle our Author indeavours to defeat and disable. 1693Apol. Clergy Scot. 25 The Council may stop and disable the Laws.
▪ III. disˈable, n.
[f. prec. vb.]
The act of disabling; disablement.
1827Sir J. Barrington Pers. Sk. II. 16 A disarm is considered the same as a disable. |
