| 释义 |
▪ I. allophone Philol.|ˈæləʊfəʊn|
[f. allo- 3 + phoneme.]
Any of the variants making up a single phoneme.
1938B. L. Whorf Lang., Thought, & Reality (1956) 126 Allophones or positional variants. 1941Trager & Bloch in Language XVII. 223 Sound-types as members of a phonemic class are called allophones. 1949C. E. Bazell in Archivum Linguisticum I. 4 Two comparisons are familiar, the one between the allophones of a phoneme and the alternants of a morpheme, the other between the allophones and the semantic variants of the morphemic Gesamtbedeutung. 1957S. Potter Mod. Linguistics ii. 39 A phoneme is a closely coherent group or bundle of sounds consisting of one more frequent phone, or chief member, together with other related phones or allophones which take its place in particular contexts. 1964R. H. Robins Gen. Linguistics iv. 131 Members of phonemes are often called phones or allophones, and it is common practice to write phone symbols between square brackets and phoneme symbols..between oblique brackets. Thus [t] and [th] are allophones of the /t/ phoneme.
Hence alloˈphonic a., of or pertaining to an allophone; alloˈphonically adv.
1938B. L. Whorf Lang., Thought, & Reality (1956) 126 Allophonic constellation. 1953L. F. Brosnahan Some O.E. Sound Changes 82 By themselves these inducing phones are unable to induce anything more than those allophonic modifications of the affected vowels which are present in normal speech. 1956D. Jones Outl. Eng. Phonetics (ed. 8) x. 49 The words [sc. F. loup, boucle] may be transcribed allophonically..as lu, bukl̥, l̥ representing a voiceless l.
▪ II. allophone, n.2 Canad.
Brit. |ˈaləfəʊn|, U.S. |ˈæləˌfoʊn|, Canad. |ˈæləˌfoːn|
Forms: also with capital initial.
[‹ Canadian French allophone (1972 or earlier) > comb. form + -phone -phone comb. form, after francophone francophone n. and anglophone anglophone n., and perhaps also punningly after allophone allophone n.1]
Esp. in Quebec: a non-native Canadian whose first language is neither French nor English.
1977Maclean's 28 Nov. 12/2 A whole generation..[has] learned such buzzwords as anglophone, francophone, allophone (people who speak neither French nor English). 1987Commentary 84 63/2 A quarter of Canada's 24 million people are French-speaking..‘Francophones’... English speakers are ‘Anglophones’, immigrants with other mother-tongues are ‘Allophones’, [etc.]. 1996Gaz. (Montreal) (Nexis) 10 Aug. a1 The whole point of sending children to French school, especially allophones who have just arrived in Quebec, is so that they will be fully integrated into francophone society. 2002Toronto Sun (Nexis) 11 Dec. 4 Heading the burgeoning class of allophones are [the] Chinese, Toronto's largest immigrant group. |
