| 释义 |
▪ I. galley, n.|ˈgælɪ|
Forms: 4–6 galai, -ay(e, (4 gaylay, 6 ghallai, 7 gallay), gale(e, -ei(e, -ey(e, 5–6 galy(e, (5 gaili), 6–8 gally(e, (6 gallie), 4– galley.
[ad. OF. galie, galee, med.L. galea, galeia, late Gr. γαλαία, γαλέα = Pr. galeya, galea, Sp. galea (obs.), Pg. galé, It. galea, galia.
The ultimate etymology is unknown. Cf. the synonymous F. galère, Pr., Sp., Pg. galera, It. galeara; also med.L. galeida (Du Cange), MHG. galîde, galeide, MDu. galeide, Icel. galeið.]
1. a. A low flat-built sea-going vessel with one deck, propelled by sails and oars, formerly in common use in the Mediterranean. Cf. galliass. The rowers were mostly slaves or condemned criminals. Hence phr. to condemn, or send, to the galleys, and simply the galleys, to indicate the punishment of a galley-slave. half, quarter galley (see quot. 1794).
a1300K. Horn 185 Us he dude lede Into a galeie, Wiþ þe se to pleie..Wiþute sail and roþer. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 54 Þe erle..did mak a riche galeie With fourscore armed knyghtes. c1440Generydes 4105 He saw a galy fayre and strong lay atte rode. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxliii. (1483) 293 He lete make galeys of werre. a1533Ld. Berners Huon xx. 55 He shall..delyuer you shype or galee suche as shall be nessessary for you. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 328 Besides those that were put to death..very many were also condempned to the Galees. 1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. iv. xii. 297 This course hath emptied more full, then filled empty purses, and many thereby have brought a Galeon to a Gally. 1653H. Cogan tr. Pinto's Trav. xlix. 193 His Fleet..was composed of five Foists, four Galliots, and one Gally Royal. 1682News fr. France 10 No Sea-man nor Trades-man shall offer to go out of the Kingdom without leave, under the pain of being sent to the Gallies. 1699Roberts Voy. Levant 15 At length we saw the half Galleys go their way. 1721Lond. Gaz. No. 5982/2 Above London-Bridge [they] met with two Gallies, one rowing with Fourteen Oars, and the other with Eleven, loaden with Goods. 1794Rigging & Seamanship I. 238 Half and Quarter Galleys are rigged and navigated the same as galleys; and take this denomination from their being much shorter. Bombay-galleys are like the former, but smaller, and mostly used by corsairs on the coast of Barbary. 1829Mackintosh Revol. of 1688 Wks. 1846 II. 100 The ministers of the Reformed faith were banished from France in fifteen days, under pain of the galleys. 1838Prescott Ferd. & Is. ii. xx. (1845) III. 278 King Ferdinand's galleys were spread with rich carpets and awnings of yellow and scarlet. 1871Palgrave Lyr. Poems 138 High on deck of their gilded galleys Our light sailors they scorn below.
transf. and fig.1649Drummond of Hawthornden Cypress Grove Wks. (1711) 120 Who would not, rather than abide chained in this loathsome galley of the world, sleep ever. 1802Gouv. Morris in Sparks Life & Writ. III. (1832) 166, I wish to get out of this galley, and live for myself. 1890Spectator 2 Aug. 145/2 They and their daughters chain themselves down in the galley of fashion.
b. Used with allusion to Molière Scapin ii. xi, Que diable allait-il faire dans cette galère? Cf. galère.
1859Dickens T. Two Cities v. 21 What the devil do you do in that galley there! 1874L. Carr Jud. Gwynne I. ii. 47 After hunting for you everywhere..here I tumble on you amidst the howling wilderness of Furrowshire. But what on earth are you doing in this galley? 1909G. B. Shaw in Nation 16 Jan. 601/1 Asking incredulously what the devil he is doing in that galley. 1948R. Scott-James in F. M. Ford Man could stand Up Pref. 5 Was he not that dextrous, fanciful, almost dilettante writer..? What was he doing in this galley?
2. Applied to the Greek or Roman war-ships, large vessels with one or more banks of oars.
1513Douglas æneis viii. ii. 29 Tua galeis did he cheis the ilk tyde. 1614Raleigh Hist. World iii. (1634) 50 The one was a passage for Gallies to be cut behinde Mount Athos. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. V. liii. 497 The Dromones, or light gallies of the Byzantine empire, were content with two tier of oars. 1840Thirlwall Greece VII. lix. 335 Ptolemy himself escaped, it is said, with only eight galleys. 1882Ouida Maremma I. 150 Over that blue sea, where..the Etruscan pirates hunted the Latin galleys.
3. A large open row-boat, e.g. one appropriated to the captain of a man-of-war, one formerly used on the Thames by custom-house officers, and by the press-gang (Adm. Smyth); also, a large pleasure-boat.
1570Levins Manip. 99/24 A Gallye, phacellus. 1718Lady M. W. Montagu Let. to Abbé Conti 19 May, I..went across the canal in my galley. 1813Examiner 5 Apr. 218/2 Lieut. Devon had only the brig's galley..with him. 1834Lytton Pompeii i. ii. 12 Crowded in the glassy bay were the vessels of commerce and the gilded galleys for the pleasures of the rich citizens. 1861Dickens Gt. Expect. liv, The Jack..asked me if we had seen a four-oared galley going up with the tide?
4. The cooking-room or kitchen on a ship. Cf. caboose. Also, a ship's cooking-range.
1750T. R. Blanckley Nav. Expositor, Gally is a Place in the Cook-Room, where the Grates are set up, and in which they make Fires, for boyling or roasting the Victuals. 1830Scott Demonol. i. 9 The sleeper started up with a ghastly and disturbed countenance, and..proceeded to the galley, or cook-room of the vessel. 1840R. Dana Bef. Mast vi. 14 When I went to the galley to get a light, I found the cook inclined to be talkative. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. xxxiv. (1856) 301 Three stoves and a cooking galley, four Argand and three bear-fat lamps. 1866Nordhoff Young Man-of-War's Man i. 12, I got my pot..and proceeded to the ‘galley’ or cooking range.
5. Printing.
a. [F. galée.] An oblong tray of brass, wood, or zinc, to which the type is transferred from the composing-stick.
1652Urquhart Jewel Wks. (1834) 182 His [the setter's] plenishing of the gally, and imposing of the form. 1683Moxon Mech. Exerc. II. 25 Our Master Printer is also to provide Galleys of different sizes. 1777Hoole Comenius' Vis. World (ed. 12) 118 He putteth these in a gally till a page be made. 1864Daily Tel. 28 June, Three or four compositors..bring up their various contribution of type to the long ‘galley’ in which the article is put together.
b. A galley-proof; = slip n.2 10 d.
1890in Webster. 1934T. R. Coward in G. Gross Publishers on Publishing (1961) 149 When the corrections are made, the galleys go back to the printer and are made into page proofs. 1951S. Jennett Making of Books i. vi. 88 The page proofs come to the reader, and must be checked against the corrected galleys, to see that all the corrections have been carried out. 1971Times Lit. Suppl. 20 Aug. 999/1, I have had galleys from Penguin Books, but more usually the finished product, fresh misprints and all.
6. (See quot.) [= F. galère.]
1789J. Keir Dict. Chem. 96/2 Distillers of aqua fortis do not use retorts, but stone-ware bottles, with short crooked necks..Two rows of these vessels are disposed opposite to each other, in an oblong furnace called a galley; and a wood fire is used for the distillation.
7. attrib. and Comb., as (sense 1) galley-fashion, galley-fight, galley-fleet, galley-kind, galley-oar; also galley-like adj.; (sense 4) galley-fire.
1691Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) II. 294 Several persons are going to build privateers..after the *gally fashion with oares. 1695Ibid. III. 508 Some tenders built galley fashion.
1599Hakluyt Voy. II. ii. 122 We now haue had experience of *Gally-fight.
1836Marryat Midsh. Easy xxvii, ‘What a bore to have no *galley fire lighted,’ said one of the youngsters.
1791Hist. Europe in Ann. Reg. 186/2 The number of land forces which he had on board the *galley-fleet.
1711Shaftesbury Charac. (1737) III. 97 We, essay-writers, are of the small-craft or *galley-kind.
1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. xii. 55 Her Bow and chase so *Gally-like contriued, should beare as many Ordnances as with conueniency she could.
1838Lytton Alice i. x, My own unceasing avocations which chain me like a slave to the *galley-oar of politics.
8. Special comb.: galley-arch (see quot.); † galley-bird, a galley-slave; galley-brand, a mark or brand on a galley-slave; galley-built a. (see quot.); † galley-cassock, a garment worn by galley-slaves; galley-dungeon, ? a dungeon in which galley-slaves are confined; † galley-fish, ? a ‘Portuguese man-of-war’ (Physalia); † galley-frigate, ? a frigate built like a galley; galley-growler (see quot.); galley-house = galley-arch; † galley-matter, an offence to be punished by condemnation to the galleys; galley-nose (see quot.); galley-packet, a made-up story, lie, ‘yarn’; galley-pepper (see quot.); galley-press, ‘a small hand-press for pulling proofs in slip form’ (Jacobi); galley-proof, a proof in slip form taken from type on a galley; galley-punt, -rack, -slang (see quots.); galley-slip = galley-proof; galley-stick, -stoker (see quots.); galley-yarn = galley-packet. Also galley-foist, galley-halfpenny, galley-man, galley-slave, etc.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., *Galley-arches, spacious and well-built structures in many of the Mediterranean ports for the reception and security of galleys.
1655T. White Obedience Govt. 124 A knot of slaves and *Galley-birds.
1856W. E. Aytoun Bothwell (1857) 80 More like a hideous *galley-brand Than any wound from peace or war.
1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1789) R r iij b, When the waist of a merchant ship is only one or two steps of descent from the quarter-deck, and fore-castle, she is said to be *galley-built.
1583T. Stocker tr. Hist. Civ. Wars Low C. i. 47 b, The officers of the Inquisition bryng vnto them Saint Bennets furniture of apparrel, which is a *gally cassocke [orig. habillement de galere] without sleeues.
1723Pres. State Russia II. 337 The insupportable Slavery on the Gallies and in the *Gally-Dungeons.
1591Sylvester Du Bartas i. v. 381 But O! what stile can worthily declare (O! *Galley-Fish, and thou Fish-Mariner..) your dexterity In Sailer's Art! 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. VI. 293 The animal I mean is the Galley Fish, which Linnaeus degrades into the insect tribe, under the title of the Medusa.
1600Hakluyt Voy. III. 709 The choice being made for the place to build the *gally-frigat, ashore it was brought.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., *Galley-growlers, idle grumblers and skulkers, from whom discontent and mutiny generally derive their origin.
1699W. Dampier Voy. II. i. iv. 77 These *Galley-Houses are 50 or 60 paces from the River side.
1644Evelyn Diary (1827) I. 129 It is made a *gally matter to carry a knife whose point is not broken off. a1734North Lives (1826) II. 324 It is no less than galley-matter for any man to kill deer or hog, except at this general hunt.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., *Galley-nose, the figure-head.
1785A. M. Bennett Juvenile Indiscretions (1786) V. 147 Why, sure, Miss, said he, that must be a *galley-packet somebody or other has told you. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., Galley-packet, an unfounded rumour.
Ibid., *Galley-pepper, the soot or ashes which accidentally drop into victuals in cooking.
1891Jacobi Printing ii. 48 In establishments where..a class of work is executed which necessitates slip proofs, a *galley-press is a requisite article.
1892― Notes on Bks. & Printing 42 *Galley proofs, these proofs supplied in slip form—not made up into pages.
1883W. C. Russell Sailors' Lang., *Galley-punt, an open sailing-boat used by pilots in the Channel off the Forelands.
1888Jacobi Printer's Voc. *Galley-racks, receptacles for galleys.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., *Galley-slang, the neological barbarisms foisted into sea-language.
1889H. B. Wheatley How to Catalogue iii. 58 These additions [to a catalogue]..may be printed from time to time at short intervals on *galley slips. 1894Hall Caine in My First Bk. 72, I asked Mr. Theodore Watts..to read some ‘galley’ slips of it.
1888Jacobi Printer's Voc., *Galley sticks, long side-sticks used for quoining up galleys.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., *Galley-stoker, a lazy skulker.
1874Hotten Slang Dict. 172 *Gally-yarn, a sailor's term for a hoaxing story. 1884Henley & Stevenson Admiral Guinea iii. iv, You the one overtaken and denounced; and you spin me a galley yarn like that? 1905Daily Chron. 11 July 3/4 Mr. Baring-Gould has gathered up all the old galley-yarns.
†9. Used in Comb. to designate various vessels or utensils, as galley-cup, galley-dish, galley-glass, galley-grewse (? = cruse). Also galley-tile, gallipot, q.v. for the explanation.
1481–90Howard Househ. Bks. (Roxb.) 389 Item, paid for v. galeygrewsis xvd. 1576Baker Jewell of Health 150 a, Straw a part in the bottome of a broade or gallie glasse. 1642Rates Merchandize 28 Gally dishes, the dozen..00.01.06.
▪ II. galley, v. nonce-wd.|ˈgælɪ|
[f. the n.]
trans. To transport in a galley.
1864Burton Scot Abr. 118 The cost and peril of galleying an invading army across the Straits. |
