| 释义 |
wadmal|ˈwɒdməl|
Forms: α. 4, 6, 7 wadmoll, 5, 6 -male, 5, 6, 8 -mole, (5 warde-), 5, 7 waddemole, (6 watmol, 7 wadmol, -nall), 6, 7 wadmell, 9 -mel, 7, 9 -mall, 9 -maal, -mail, 7, 9 dial. -meal, 8 -miel, 9 -mil, 5, 8, 9 wadmal. β. 5, 6 wedmole, 6 -mell (-moll), (7 -meill, -nel). γ. 6, 7 woodmal(e, 7, 9 dial. woadmell (7 -mal, woddenell, 8 woodmeil), 9 dial. woodmail. δ. 8 corruptly wadmus. Also vadmal, -mel.
[a. ON. vaðmál (Norw. vadmaal, with many dial. variants; MSw. vaþmal, -maal, Sw. vadmal, Da. vadmel) believed to represent an earlier *váðmál, f. váð cloth (= OE. wǽd weed n.2) + mál measure.]
1. A kind of woollen cloth.
a. In England, a coarse woollen material used principally for covering horse-collars, and other rough purposes; also (esp. in the s.-w.) for petticoats, mittens, etc. Obs. exc. in wadmiltilt (see 2).
In the 16–17th c. mentioned as manufactured in Wales and at Witney (Oxon).
1392Earl Derby's Exped. (Camden) 158 Pro iiijxx viij vergis wadmoll ad ij d. ob. pro saccis. 1404Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 395 Item j pannus de wadmale pro rebus cariandis. 1423in Rolls Parlt. IV. 241 Item, 111 peces de Wadmole rouge, contenantz xx alnas di., pris. v s. 1425in Kennett Par. Antiq. (1695) 574 In v. virgatis de Waddemole emptis pro coleris equinis..ii sol. i den. 1436Libel Eng. Policy in Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 160 [Imports from Spain] Iren, wolle, wadmole, gotefel, kydefel also. 1485in Compotus Rolls Obedient. St. Swithun's, Winch. (1892) 383 Et in solutis pro le Wedmole ad cooperiendum coleres equorum xvjd. 1502Priv. Purse Exp. Eliz. York (1830) 81 For dyeng of cclxxij yerdes of wardemole blewe and murrey for the Quenes barge. 1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. ccxv. 274 b, Many had no armure, but their cootes of wadmoll [Fr. de gros bureaulx]. c1580Direction for divers trades of marchaundize in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1914) XXIX. 516 Item, for all the partes of Galicia..flaninge and wedmoles of Wales. 1598Stow Surv. (1603) 286 A market house for the sale of Woolen bayes, Watmols Flanels and such like. 1627Capt. J. Smith Sea Gram. vi. 27 Which is what you call a Tilt, couered with wadmall in your Wherries. 1662Ir. Act 14 & 15 Chas. II, c. 8 Bk. Rates, Mittins of Wadmol the dozen pair, 00 09 00. 1677Plot Oxfordsh. 279 Of their worst [tail wool] they make Wednel [at Witney] for Collar⁓makers. 1695Kennett Par. Antiq., Gloss., Waddemole, now called Woadmel, and in Oxfordshire Woddenell, a course sort of stuff us'd for the covering of the collars of cart-horses. 1710D. Hilman Tusser Rediv. Sept. (1744) 119 Sedge Collars [for plough-horses] are by much the lightest and coolest, indeed not so comely as those of Wadmus, but will serve a good Team well enough. 1721C. King Brit. Merch. I. 291 Wadmole alias Wadding, 830 Yards. 1750T. R. Blanckley Nav. Expositor 189 Woodmeil, a hairy coarse Stuff made of Island Wool, and supplied to the Carpenters of Ships..for lining of Ports, &c. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Wadmal, a very coarse and thick kind of woollen manufacture.
b. In Scotland, a woollen fabric woven in Orkney and Shetland. Now only Hist.
Down to the 17th c. the taxes of Orkney and Shetland were paid in wadmal and other commodities.
1572in Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 1575, 642/2 (Zetland), 12 den. pro qualibet ulna sive cuttella 24 cuttellarum panni lanei, vulgo wadmell. 1577in D. Balfour Oppress. Orkney & Zetland (1859) 18 Thair clayth, callit Wadmell, quhilk is ane dewitie thai pay to the Kingis Majestie..zeirlie. 1654Blaeu's Atlas, Scotia 148 Pannus quidam ipsis [Hethlandicis] est crassa ex lana confectus, patrio idiomate τὸ Wadmeal dictum. 1774E. Gifford in G. Low's Orkney, etc. (1879) 143 Payment to the Crown was called Scatt, which was paid in butter, oil, and a sort of very coarse cloth called Wadmiel. 1821Scott Pirate v, Her upper garment..was of a coarse dark-coloured stuff, called wadmaal, then much used in the Zetland islands, as also in Iceland and Norway. 1884Sheriff Rampini in Good Words Nov. 746/1 All the women..in scarlet petticoats of Shetland ‘wadmal’.
c. A woollen fabric worn by country people in Scandinavia and Iceland. Sometimes in mod.Sw. or Da. form: see vadmal, -mel.
c1682J. Collins Salt & Fishery 84 The general Employment of the People [in Iceland] is either Fishery or the making of Wadmoll, which is a course sort of woollen Cloth, made of their Sheepes Wool. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. II. 10 (Iceland) They likewise manufacture a coarse kind of cloth, which they call wadmal. 1845[C. H. J. Anderson] Swedish Br. 114 The scarlet kerchiefs, mingling with the bluish-grey of the wad-meal or striped tartan. 1894Field 1 Dec. 838/1 No day is too long..for poor old Niels in his one garment of coarse wadmal.
2. attrib. or quasi-adj. chiefly in sense ‘made of wadmal’; wadmiltilt (see quot. 1898 and cf. quot. 1627 in 1 a).
1541Will J. Norman (Som.), My dau. Margerie one wedmole petycote. 1544Extracts Aberd. Reg. (1844) I. 206 Ane schip of fyr..with hir hale salis of wadmale claith. 1598in Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 367/1 Malcolme..to have the wedmell dett thairof becaus he wantit the samin at his entrie. a1700in Alice M. Earle Costume Colon. Times (1894) 253 Wadmoll mittens..a woadmell petticoat. 1821Scott Pirate x, Her dark wadmaal cloak. 1828Spearman Brit. Gunner (ed. 2) 23 Wadmiltilts. 1898Visct. Dillon in Archæol. Jrnl. (Inst.) Ser. ii. V. 296 note, In artillery inventories of to-day will be found wadmiltilts, a kind of tarpaulin covering for stores. |
