| 释义 |
▪ I. froth, n.|frɒθ, -ɔː-|
Forms: 4 frooth, froþe, 5–6 frothe, 6–8 froath, 4– froth.
[Not found in OE.; perh. a. ON. froða wk. fem. (Da. fraade; the relation of Sw. fradga is obscure), related to the synonymous ON. frauð neut.; the root (OTeut. *freuþ-, frauþ-, frud-) appears in OE. á-fréoðan to froth.
Possibly the Eng. word represents both ON. frauð and froða; for the later shortening cf. cloth.]
1. a. The aggregation of small bubbles formed in liquids by agitation, fermentation, effervescence, etc.; foam, spume; = foam n. 1.
1382Wyclif Hos. x. 6 Samarie made his king for to passe, as frooth on the face of water. c1440Promp. Parv. 180/2 Frothe, spuma. 1530Palsgr. 223/1 Frothe of an egge, glette. 1589Greene Menaphon (Arb.) 24 Venus was feigned by the Poets to spring of the froathe of the Seas. 1648Gage West Ind. xvi. 106 Untill it bubble and rise into a froath. 1672–3Grew Anat. Roots i. iii. §4 The Froth of Beer or Eggs. 1725De Foe Voy. round World (1840) 333 The water was all a white foam of froth. 1795Sir J. Dalrymple Let. to Admiralty 4 It would prevent the Yeast, or, as it is commonly called, the Froth, from bubbling over. 1806Gazetteer Scotl. (ed. 2) 132 This second caldron is always covered with a foam or froth. 1886Tip Cat xxii. 300 She..had shaken the bottle so vigourously that its contents were more than half froth.
transf. and fig.1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 108 Through the resistyng of the froath and enticementes of sinne. 1635Swan Spec. M. i. §3 (1643) 24 The doting froth of a wittie brain. 1676Dryden Aurengz. v. (1685) 71 Forgive those foolish words—They were the froth my raging folly mov'd When it boil'd up. 1692Wagstaffe Vind. Carol. Introd. 11 My end is..to blow off that Froth, that has been thrown on his Memory. 1824Landor Imag. Conv. Wks. 1846 I. 3 Society is froth above and dregs below. 1878Morley Carlyle 194 The lees and froth of common humanity.
b. spec. Foaming saliva issuing from the mouth.
13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 1572 Þe froþe femed at his mouth vnfayre bi þe wykez, Whettez his whyte tuschez. 1601Holland Pliny xxxv. x. 542 The froth which fell from his [a dog's] mouth as hee panted and blowed almost windlesse with running. 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., Froth..is a moist white matter that oozes from a horse's mouth. 1885Syd. Soc. Lex., Froth, bronchial, the tenacious frothy secretion expectorated in some cases of asthma..and other affections of the respiratory organs.
c. Extraneous or impure matter rising to the surface of liquids during boiling, etc.; scum.
1533Elyot Cast. Helthe ii. xviii. (1541) 134 That [water], wherof commeth least skimme or froth, whan it doth boyle. 1648Gage West Ind. xvi. 107 In wine which is in the Must..a thinner substance, which is the flower, and may be called the scum, or froath. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) I. 170 To skim off the froth collected on the surface. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 193 Its name recalling its origin as the froth or scum of lava. 1883Hardwick's Photogr. Chem. (ed. Taylor) 363 A mixture is made of Gelatine, Albumen, [etc.]..the ingredients being well beaten together; when the froth has settled down the mixture is filtered.
2. a. Something comparable to ‘froth’ as being unsubstantial or of little worth.
1593Shakes. Lucr. 212 What win I if I gaine the thing I seeke?..a froth of fleeting ioy. 1604Earl Stirling Darius i, Chorus, Drunke with frothes of pleasure. 1612Brinsley Lud. Lit. 210 Nothing but froth, childishnesse and vncertanetie. 1686A. Horneck Crucif. Jesus xxii. 629 When thou hast delighted in froth, and idle talk. 1702C. Mather Magn. Chr. iii. iii. (1852) 547 It was food and not froth, which in his publick sermons he entertained the souls of his people with. 1783H. Blair Rhet. (1812) II. xviii. 23 There is no froth nor affectation in it.
†b. Applied to what is tender or immature.
a1420Hoccleve De Reg. Princ. 2270 We Romayns þat þey han in prison loke, Ben but ȝonge froth, vnlernëd in batayle, And othir feble folk with age I-broke. 1557Tusser 100 Points Husb. lix, Eate vp thy veale, pig and lambe being froth.
3. Applied contemptuously to persons. Cf. scum.
1598Shakes. Merry W. i. i. 167 Froth, and scum thou liest. 1603Dekker Grissil iii. ii. Wks. (Grosart) V. 168 Out, you froth, you scumme. 1678Marvell Growth Popery 22 The Froath of the town, and the Scum of the University. 1887Hall Caine Deemster xv, That his son should consort with all..the dirtiest froth of the sea.
4. attrib. and Comb.
a. attributive, as froth-flake; froth-like adj.;
b. instrumental and originative, as froth-becurled, froth-born, froth-clad, froth-faced, froth-foamy adjs.;
c. special comb., as froth-blower joc., a beer-drinker: adopted as the title of a certain charitable organization; froth-spit = cuckoo-spit 1; froth-stick, a stick for whipping cream, etc. Also in many names given to the frog-hopper (Aphrophora spumaria) or cuckoo-spit insect, as froth-fly, -frog-hopper, -insect, -worm.
1624Milton Ps. cxiv. 8 That saw the troubled sea and shivering fled And sought to hide his *froth-becurled head.
1905Daily Chron. 25 Mar. 6/4 The quaintly-named ‘*Froth Blowers’..are a little group of twenty-four working men. 1927Times 25 June 9/7 A company limited by guarantee under the title of ‘Ye Ancient Order of Froth-Blowers, Limited’, has been registered to take over all or part of the property and liabilities of the incorporated Ancient Order of Froth-Blowers. 1928Times 8 Feb. 5/3 In 1924 Mr. Herbert Temple..desired to benefit certain charities. He invented the name ‘Ancient Order of Frothblowers’. 1928‘Sapper’ Female of Species xvii, Now then, boys, once again—and all together—Froth Blowers for ever. 1931E. Waugh Remote People i. 12 He had Froth Blowers' cuff-links, and a Rotarian wheel in his buttonhole.
a1649Drummond of Hawthornden Poems Wks. (1711) 19/2 The *froth-born goddess of the sea.
1769Home Fatal Discov. v, The *froth-clad pool.
1625W. Harbert Poems (Grosart) 81 *Froth-faced Neptune.
1841Browning Pippa Passes Introd. 6 Not a *froth-flake touched the rim Of yonder gap in the solid gray Of the eastern cloud. 1864*Frothfly [see fescue 4].
1590Spenser F.Q. i. xi. 23 The nimble thyes Of his *froth-fomy steed.
1816Kirby & Sp. Entomol. (1843) II. 10 The *Froth-frog-hoppers..entered the room in such numbers as to cover the table.
1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) VII. 355 Of the Earwig, the *Froth Insect, and some others.
1860O. W. Holmes Elsie V. (1861) 257 A very shallow crape bonnet frilled and *froth-like.
1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., *Froth spit or cuckow spit.
a1706Country Wedding in Watson's Collect. iii. (1706) 47 My bairn has tocher of her awn..A *Froath-stick, a Can, a Creel, a Knock.
1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. VII. ii. v. 358 To this order of insects we may also refer the Cuckow Spit, or *Froth Worm.
▪ II. froth, v.|frɒθ, -ɔː-|
Also 5–6 (? erron.) frote, 7–8 froath.
[f. prec. n.; ON. had frøyða.]
1. intr. To emit froth or foam; to foam at the mouth. Of liquids: To gather or throw up froth; to run foaming away, by, over.
1382Wyclif Mark ix. 17 The which..hirtith him, and he frothith, or vometh. c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 801 As wilde bores..That frothen whyte as foom for ire wood. c1425Found. St. Bartholomew's (E.E.T.S.) 36 The mayde begane greuously to be turmentyd, and sorer than she was woonnte to be vexid, frotyng at the moweth. 1529More Supplic. Soulys 13 These folk..fume, frete, frote and fome as fyerce and as angerly as a new huntyd sow. 1603Holland Plutarch's Mor. vi. ix. 607 When oyle doth froath or fome. 1641Hinde J. Bruen xlvii. 148 Hee would..froth and fome like a Boare. 1712–14Pope Rape Lock ii. 136 The sea that froaths below. 1821Clare Vill. Minstr. I. 45 They..call for brimming tankards frothing o'er. a1839Praed Poems (1864) II. 50 Grief soon would bid the beer to run, Because the squire's mad race was done, Not less than now it froths away, Because ‘the squire's of age to-day’. 1855Browning Childe Roland xix, This, as it frothed by, might have been a bath For the fiend's glowing hoof. 1876T. Hardy Ethelberta (1890) 370 His lips frothing like a mug of hot ale. 1880‘Ouida’ Moths I. 12 The cutlets duly frothing in their silver dish.
fig.1824Blackw. Mag. XV. 594 For this the demagogue spouts—the newspaper froths—the liberal in Parliament proses. 1873–4Dixon Two Queens III. xiii. x. 55 The leaguers of Cambrai were frothing at each other, and preparing for a future fight.
2. trans. To emit or send forth in or like froth or foam. Now only with out.
1382Wyclif Jude ii. 13 Frothinge out her confusiouns. 1388― Wisd. xi. 19 Ether beestis frothinge heete of firis. 1859Tennyson Vivien 765 Is your spleen froth'd out, or have ye more?
3. To cause to foam; to make froth rise on the surface of; to pour out in such a manner as to make frothy. Also to froth up.
1621Fletcher Pilgrim iii. vi, Fill me a thousand pots, and froth 'em, froth 'em. 1715Prior Down-Hall 120 The wine was froth'd out by the hand of mine host. 1773Johnson in Boswell 30 Sept., She..made his coffee, and frothed his chocolate. 1806Culina 79 Judiciously beating and frothing the eggs. 1832Tennyson Death Old Year iii, He froth'd his bumpers to the brim. 1864Mrs. Carlyle Lett. III. 227 A tumbler of milk warm from the cow, and all frothed up.
absol.1598Shakes. Merry W. i. iii. 15 Let me see thee froth and liue.
4. To bespatter or cover with or as with froth or foam. Also, to froth over (something). fig.
1771Smollett Humph. Cl. Wks. 1806 VI. 122 He suddenly bolted out..his face frothed up to the eyes with soap lather. 1801Southey Thalaba vi. v, The foam froth'd his limbs. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. I. xxx. 415 Foam pours out from his jaws till it froths his beard. 1885O. W. Holmes Mort. Antip. Introd. (1886) 4 A certain amount of sentiment..somewhat frothed over by his worldly experiences.
5. Comb. † froth-can, the trick of frothing the can.
1624Skelton's Ghost, E. Rumming Prol. 19 Our pots were full quarted, We were not thus thwarted, With froth-canne and nick-pot.
Hence ˈfrothed ppl. a., ˈfrothing vbl. n. and ppl. a.
13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 1721 Þat froþande fylþe. 1613–16W. Browne Brit. Past. ii. iii, His hasty waves among The frothed Rocks, bearing the tender song. 1628Robin Goodfellow ii. (1638) D iij a, A Tapster..with his pots smalnesse, and with frothing of his drinke, had got a good summe of money together. 1673R. Head Canting Acad. 186 By brewing Rebellion, Micking, and Frothing. 1753Scots Mag. July 318/2 Which she..threw back with some frothed phlegm. 1795A. Seward Lett. (1811) IV. 102 A frothing brook leaps and clamours over the rough stones. 1798Ferriar Of Genius in Illustr. Sterne, etc. 285 Alexander learnt the art of frothing at the mouth. 1807T. Thomson Chem. (ed. 3) II. 484 The frothing might..be ascribed to the emission of this oxygen on the application of heat. 1820L. Hunt Indicator No. 23 (1822) I. 177 That frothed glass of porter. 1873‘Ouida’ Pascarèl I. 47 Florio was perpetually in and out..with some frothing cup of chocolate. |
