| 释义 |
dilapidation|dɪˌlæpɪˈdeɪʃən|
Also 5–9 de-.
[ad. L. dīlapidātiōn-em a squandering, n. of action f. dīlapidāre: see dilapidate v.]
1. The action of dilapidating or expending wastefully; wasteful expenditure, squandering.
c1460Fortescue Abs. & Lim. Mon. x, Sellynge off a kynges livelod, is propirly callid delapidacion off his crowne. 1604R. Cawdrey Table Alph., Dilapidation, wastefull spending, or suffering to goe to decay. 1682Burnet Rights Princes Pref. 24 Against the Dilapidations of the Revenues of the Church. 1798Malthus Popul. (1878) 427 The dilapidation of the national resources. 1818Hallam Mid. Ages viii. iii. (1855) III. 160 The dilapidation which had taken place in the royal demesnes.
2. The action of bringing (a building, etc.) into ruin, decay, or disrepair.
1820W. Irving Sketch Bk. I. 272 Subject to the dilapidations of time and the caprice of fashion. 1886Act 49–50 Vict. c. 29. §1 (3) The crofter shall not..persistently injure the holding by the dilapidation of buildings.
3. Law. The action of pulling down, allowing to fall into a state of disrepair, or in any way impairing ecclesiastical property belonging to an incumbency.
c1425Wyntoun Cron. ix. xx. 116 Ane auld abbote swa put downe For opyn dilapidatioune. 1511Colet Serm. to Conuocacion A vij a, Suynge for tithes, for offrynge, for mortuaries, for delapidations, by the right and title of the churche. a1613Overbury Charac., Ordinary Widdow Wks. (1856) 140 A churchman she dare not venture upon; for she hath heard widowes complain of dilapidations. 1768Blackstone Comm. III. 91 Dilapidations..are a kind of ecclesiastical waste, either voluntary, by pulling down; or permissive, by suffering the chancel, parsonage-house, and other buildings..to decay. 1874J. T. Micklethwaite Mod. Par. Churches 237 Experience in the valuation of dilapidations.
b. loosely. The sums charged against an incumbent or his representatives to make good such damage incurred during his incumbency.
1553Lanc. Wills (1857) II. 263, I thinke my successors cannot..requyer any dylapidacions ffor Sefton. 1868Milman St. Paul's 317 Considerable sums as dilapidations for the repair of the body of the church.
attrib.1772Ann. Reg. 145 His Lordship..will lay out the dilapidation sum..in building a house for the see.
4. The action of falling into decay; the condition of being in ruins or in disrepair. (lit. and fig.)
1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 219 The Calyph pittied her delapidations, and..begun to reare her up againe, and builded [etc.]. 1684Goodman Winter Evening Confer. i. (L.), By keeping a strict account of incomes and expences, a man might easily preserve an estate from dilapidation. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. I. 507 The works..are in such a state of delapidation. 1860Mrs. Harvey Cruise Claymore xi. 303 In striking contrast to the wretched delapidation of the Holy Sepulchre. 1861F. Hall in Jrnl. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 14 An edifice now lying in littered dilapidation.
5. The falling of stones or masses of rock from mountains or cliffs by natural agency.
1794Sullivan View Nat. II. 165 In the course of time they shall be exposed from the dilapidations of the mountain. 1816Keatinge Trav. (1817) I. 61 The dilapidation taking place on the east, has caused an opening..into the heart of the mountain. 1875Lyell Princ. Geol. I. ii. xv. 356 The rocks have been suffering from dilapidation.
b. concr. A mass or collection of stone which has fallen from a mountain or height; debris.
1816Keatinge Trav. (1817) I. 68 Masses of dilapidation of various sizes. Ibid. II. 48 The whole tract is covered with reduced dilapidation, either hornstone, trapp, or basalt. |
